Polymer modified asphalt reaction products
In a process for producing a cross-linked asphalt/polymer composition (“polymer-modified asphalt” or PMA) that comprises or is produced from asphalt and an ethylene copolymer, an anhydride is used as a promoter. The ethylene copolymer comprises copolymerized units derived from ethylene and an epoxy-containing comonomer. An improvement in asphalt properties is demonstrated without the use of an acid catalyst.
1. A polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition comprising
(a) about 89 to about 99.4 weight % of asphalt;
(b) about 0.5 to about 10 weight % of an epoxy-functionalized ethylene copolymer, said epoxy-functionalized ethylene copolymer represented by the empirical formula “E/X/Y/Z”, wherein E represents copolymerized repeat units of the formula —(CH 2 CH 2 )— derived from ethylene; X represents copolymerized repeat units of the formula —(CH 2 CR 1 R 2 )—, wherein R 1 is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and R 2 is carboalkoxy, acyloxy, or alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y represents copolymerized repeat units of the formula —(CH 2 CR 3 R 4 )—, wherein R 3 is hydrogen or methyl and R 4 is carboglycidoxy or glycidoxy; and Z represents copolymerized repeat units derived from one or more additional comonomers; and wherein the amount of X is from 0 to about 40 weight %, the amount of Y is from about 0.3 to about 15 weight %, the amount of Z is from 0 to about 10 weight %, the amount of E is complementary to the amounts of X, Y and Z, and wherein the weight percentages of E, X, Y and Z are based on the total weight of the epoxy-functionalized ethylene copolymer; and
(c) about 0.1 to about 1 weight % of an anhydride, wherein the anhydride is selected from the group consisting of glutaric anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, a substituted succinic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, cyclohexane dicarboxylic anhydride, methyl nadic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, homophthalic anhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride, trimellitic anhydride, mellitic anhydride, 2,3-naphthoic anhydride, and 1,8-naphthoic anhydride;
wherein the weight percentages of component (a), component (b) and component (c) are based on the total weight of the polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition.
2. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , comprising about 0.5 to about 3 wt % of the epoxy-functionalized ethylene copolymer.
3. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , comprising about 0.1 to about 0.6 wt % of the anhydride.
4. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , wherein the epoxy-containing comonomer Y is selected from the group consisting of glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl butyl acrylate, glycidyl vinyl ether, and combinations of two or more of glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl butyl acrylate, and glycidyl vinyl ether.
5. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 4 , wherein the comonomer Y is glycidyl methacrylate.
6. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , wherein the epoxy-functionalized ethylene copolymer is an ethylene vinyl acetate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer, an ethylene n-butyl acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer or an ethylene methyl acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.
7. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additional comonomers Z are selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and acrylonitrile.
8. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of X is from about 15 to about 35 weight %.
9. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of Y is from about 5 to about 9 weight %.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the substituted succinic anhydride is selected from the group consisting of methyl succinic anhydride, phenyl succinic anhydride, butyl succinic anhydride, 2-octen-1-yl succinic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, and hexadecyl succinic anhydride.
11. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of a flux oil, a liquid plasticizer, or a hydrogen sulfide scavenger.
12. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 11 , wherein the flux oil comprises one or more of an aromatic oil, a paraffinic oil, a mineral oil, or a vegetable oil; and further wherein the liquid plasticizer comprises one or more of a dicarboxylic ester-based plasticizer; a tricarboxylic ester-based plasticizer; or an acetic acid ester of a monoglyceride, a trimellitate, an adipate, a benzoate, an adipic acid polyester, a polyetherester, an epoxy ester, or a maleate.
13. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 , wherein the asphalt comprises one or more random or block copolymers of an aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene.
14. The polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 13 , wherein the one or more block copolymers are styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers.
15. A road pavement or roofing material comprising the polyepoxy-polymer-linked-asphalt composition of claim 1 .