Hernia model
A model for practicing transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) and total extraperitoneal (TEP) approaches for laparoscopic hernia repairs is provided. The model simulates an insufflated space between the abdominal muscles and peritoneum. A spring layer may be incorporated to provide a realistic resiliency to the model while in the simulated insufflated configuration. At least one hole is provided in the model from which synthetic tissue protrudes to simulate a hernia. The model is used to selectively simulate direct, indirect and femoral inguinal hernias as well as incisional hernias by removably placing the protruding simulated tissue into any one of several openings. The model contains all important anatomical structures and sits on a base frame or is connected to a rigid simulated pelvis. When located inside a laparoscopic trainer with an angled top cover, the model provides an ideal simulation for teaching and practicing laparoscopic hernia repair.
1. An anatomical model for surgical training, comprising:
a simulated abdominal wall located at a first end and having an inner surface and an outer surface; the simulated abdominal wall including at least one opening extending between the inner surface and the outer surface;
a simulated peritoneum located at a second end and having an inner surface and an outer surface; the simulated peritoneum being connected and adjacent to the simulated abdominal wall such that the simulated abdominal wall and the simulated peritoneum are substantially adjacent; and
a plurality of simulated tissue components positioned between the simulated peritoneum and the simulated abdominal wall; at least some of the simulated tissue components being adhered at least in part to at least one of, the simulated peritoneum and the simulated abdominal wall;
wherein the model includes a curved configuration in which a cavity is defined by the simulated abdominal wall and the simulated peritoneum; and wherein at least a portion of the simulated peritoneum is removably located inside one opening in the simulated abdominal wall.
2. The anatomical model of claim 1 wherein the model includes a substantially open configuration; the model being movable between the open configuration and the curved configuration.
3. The anatomical model of claim 1 wherein the at least one simulated tissue component is at least one simulated epigastric vessel and the simulated abdominal wall includes a first opening medial to the simulated epigastric vessel and a second opening lateral to the simulated epigastric vessel.
4. The anatomical model of claim 1 wherein the simulated abdominal wall includes a first opening and a second opening.
5. The anatomical model of claim 1 wherein the simulated peritoneum includes an aperture aligned with the at least one opening in the simulated abdominal wall.
6. The anatomical model of claim 1 further including a frame configured to retain the model in a curved configuration.
7. The anatomical model of claim 1 further including a resilient spring layer configured to bias the model in the open configuration.
8. The anatomical model of claim 1 wherein the curved configuration is C-shaped.
9. The anatomical model of claim 1 further including an embedded simulated bone.
10. The anatomical model of claim 1 further including a first layer of synthetic tissue having a bottom surface and a top surface; the first layer overlaying at least a portion of the simulated abdominal wall; at least part of the first layer being adhered to the simulated abdominal wall.
11. The anatomical model of claim 1 wherein the inner surface of the simulated abdominal wall and the outer surface of the peritoneum together define a common space.
12. An anatomical model for surgical training, comprising:
a simulated abdominal wall located at a first end and having an inner surface and an outer surface; the simulated abdominal wall including a first opening and a second opening extending between the inner surface and the outer surface;
a simulated peritoneum located at a second end and having an inner surface and an outer surface; the simulated peritoneum being connected and adjacent to the simulated abdominal wall such that the simulated abdominal wall and the simulated peritoneum are substantially adjacent;
a plurality of simulated tissue components positioned between the simulated peritoneum and the simulated abdominal wall; at least some of the simulated tissue components being adhered at least in part to at least one of the simulated peritoneum and the simulated abdominal wall;
wherein the model includes a curved configuration in which a cavity is defined by the simulated abdominal wall and the simulated peritoneum; and
a simulated bowel; at least a portion of the simulated bowel is removably inserted into one of the first opening and second opening.