Graphene reinforced polyethylene terephthalate
A composition and a method are provided for graphene reinforced polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) comprising multi-layer graphene are used to reinforce PET, thereby improving the properties of PET for various new applications. Master-batches comprising polyethylene terephthalate with dispersed graphene nanoplatelets are obtained by way of compounding. The master-batches are used to form PET-GNP nanocomposites at weight fractions ranging between 0.5% and 15%. In some embodiments, PET and GNPs are melt compounded by way of twin-screw extrusion. In some embodiments, ultrasound is coupled with a twin-screw extruder so as to assist with melt compounding. In some embodiments, the PET-GNP nanocomposites are prepared by way of high-speed injection molding. The PET-GNP nanocomposites are compared by way of their mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties so as to contrast different compounding processes.
1. A method of preparing graphene nanoplatelets reinforced polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposites, comprising:
compounding polyethylene terephthalate with dispersed graphene nanoplatelets with an ultrasound-assisted co-rotating twin-screw extrusion microcompounder equipped with an ultrasound horn operating at 40 kHz to form a master-batch, and
forming polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites by injection molding of the master-batch using one or more injection molding presses comprising any one of an oil cooled molder, a water cooled molder and a micro injection molder, wherein the polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanoplatelet nanocomposites comprises the graphene nanoplatelets at weight fractions ranging between 0.5% and 15%.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasound-assisted twin-screw extrusion microcompounder involves applying ultrasound waves to the polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanoplatelets, wherein the ultrasound waves comprise ultrasound amplitudes of 5 μm.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasound-assisted twin-screw extrusion microcompounder involves applying ultrasound waves to the polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanoplatelets, wherein the ultrasound waves comprise ultrasound amplitudes of 7.5 μm.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weight fractions of the graphene nanoplatelets result in an improvement in Young's modulus of the polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanoplatelets nanocomposites, while not affecting the strength of the polyethylene terephthalate.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasound-assisted twin-screw extrusion increases toughness of the polyethylene terephthalate with no effect on Young's modulus of the polyethylene terephthalate-graphene nanoplatelets nanocomposites.