LED driver circuit with step configurable output
An LED driver apparatus provides discrete output current configuration. User interfaces such as dip switches enable user selection of output current settings. LED driver circuitry includes an inverter, a primary transformer winding coupled to the inverter switches and providing resonant inductance, and a secondary transformer winding coupled on a first end to an output rectifier. Various circuit branches are coupled in parallel between the output rectifier and the secondary winding, each including a switching element driven between open and closed states associated with the user-selected output current setting. The circuit branches may be coupled to respective secondary winding taps, wherein output current is regulated according to an effective turns ratio defined by the closed circuit branch. Alternatively, the circuit branches may be coupled to one end of the secondary winding but include current limiting capacitors, wherein one or more closed circuit branches define an equivalent capacitance and associated output current.
1. An LED driver comprising:
an input power converter coupled to a DC input and configured to generate AC power at an output of the power converter;
a resonant circuit comprising a primary winding of a power transformer coupled to the output of the power converter;
a secondary winding of the power transformer coupled on a first end to a first output rectifier branch;
a plurality of circuit branches coupled in parallel on their respective first ends to a second output rectifier branch, and on their respective second ends to a corresponding plurality of taps on the secondary winding of the power transformer,
each of the circuit branches comprising a switching element user-selectably driven between an open and closed state, wherein a closed one of the plurality of switching elements defines a number of turns between the first end and a second end of the secondary winding corresponding to the respective tap, and
wherein an output current through the first and second output rectifier branches is defined according to one or more of the switching elements in the circuit branches being closed.
2. The LED driver of claim 1 , wherein the output current through the first and second output rectifier branches is defined by the number of turns between the first end of the secondary winding and a second end corresponding to the respective tap for a closed one of the plurality of switching elements.
3. The LED driver of claim 1 , the input power converter comprising first and second switching elements coupled in series to define the output of the power converter at a node between the first and second switching elements.
4. The LED driver of claim 3 , further comprising:
a first drive winding coupled on a first end to the node between the first and second switching elements, and on a second end to a control electrode for the first switching element; and
a second drive winding coupled on a first end to an input circuit ground, and on a second end to a control electrode for the second switching element,
wherein current provided through the respective drive windings causes self-oscillation of the first and second switching elements.
5. The LED driver of claim 4 , wherein the primary winding of the power transformer comprises a resonant inductance for the resonant circuit, and the resonant circuit further comprises a resonant capacitance coupled in parallel with the primary winding.
6. The LED driver of claim 1 , further comprising:
a mechanical housing configured with an input terminal block to receive input mains AC power, an output terminal block to provide output DC power to an LED array, and a user interface configured to enable user selection from a plurality of discrete output current settings;
wherein the switching elements for each of the circuit branches are driven between an open and closed state associated with a user-selected output current setting; and
wherein the first and second output rectifier branches are coupled in parallel across first and second terminals of the output terminal block.
7. The LED driver of claim 6 , wherein the user interface comprises a plurality of user selectable switches corresponding to the plurality of circuit branches, wherein the switching element for a given circuit branch is driven between an open and closed state based on a condition of an associated user selectable switch.
8. The LED driver of claim 1 , further comprising:
first and second DC buffering capacitors coupled in series between the DC input and an input circuit ground; and
wherein the input power converter comprises first and second inverter switching elements coupled across the first and second DC buffering capacitors, and the primary transformer winding is coupled on a first end to the node between the inverter switching elements and on a second end to a node between the first and second DC buffering capacitors.
9. An LED driver comprising:
an input power converter coupled to a DC input and configured to generate AC power at an output of the power converter;
a resonant circuit comprising a primary winding of a power transformer coupled to the output of the power converter;
a secondary winding of the power transformer coupled on a first end to a first output rectifier branch;
a plurality of circuit branches coupled in parallel on their respective first ends to a second output rectifier branch, and on their respective second ends to a second end of the secondary winding of the power transformer,
each of the circuit branches comprising a current limiting capacitor coupled in series with a switching element user-selectably driven between an open and closed state, and
wherein an output current through the first and second output rectifier branches is defined according to one or more of the switching elements in the circuit branches being closed.
10. The LED driver of claim 9 , wherein a closed one or more of the plurality of switching elements defines an output current through the first and second output rectifier branches corresponding to an effective capacitance of the circuit branches having the one or more closed switching elements.
11. The LED driver of claim 9 , the input power converter comprising first and second switching elements coupled in series to define the output of the power converter at a node between the first and second switching elements.
12. The LED driver of claim 11 , further comprising:
a first drive winding coupled on a first end to the node between the first and second switching elements, and on a second end to a control electrode for the first switching element; and
a second drive winding coupled on a first end to an input circuit ground, and on a second end to a control electrode for the second switching element,
wherein current provided through the respective drive windings causes self-oscillation of the first and second switching elements.
13. The LED driver of claim 12 , wherein the primary winding of the power transformer comprises a resonant inductance for the resonant circuit, and the resonant circuit further comprises a resonant capacitance coupled in parallel with the primary winding.
14. The LED driver of claim 9 , further comprising:
a mechanical housing configured with an input terminal block to receive input mains AC power, an output terminal block to provide output DC power to an LED array, and a user interface configured to enable user selection from a plurality of discrete output current settings;
wherein the switching elements for each of the circuit branches are driven between an open and closed state associated with a user-selected output current setting; and
wherein the first and second output rectifier branches are coupled in parallel across first and second terminals of the output terminal block.
15. The LED driver of claim 14 , wherein the user interface comprises a plurality of user selectable switches corresponding to the plurality of circuit branches, wherein the switching element for a given circuit branch is driven between an open and closed state based on a condition of an associated user selectable switch.
16. The LED driver of claim 9 , further comprising:
first and second DC buffering capacitors coupled in series between the DC input and an input circuit ground; and
wherein the input power converter comprises first and second inverter switching elements coupled across the first and second DC buffering capacitors, and the primary transformer winding is coupled on a first end to the node between the inverter switching elements and on a second end to a node between the first and second DC buffering capacitors.
17. An LED driver comprising:
an input power converter comprising first and second switching elements coupled in series to a DC input and configured to generate AC power at a node between the first and second switching elements;
a first drive winding coupled on a first end to the node between the first and second switching elements, and on a second end to a control electrode for the first switching element;
a second drive winding coupled on a first end to an input circuit ground, and on a second end to a control electrode for the second switching element, wherein current provided through the respective drive windings causes self-oscillation of the first and second switching elements;
a resonant circuit comprising a primary winding of a power transformer coupled to the node between the first and second switching elements;
a secondary winding of the power transformer coupled on a first end to a first output rectifier branch; and
a plurality of circuit branches coupled in parallel on their respective first ends to a second output rectifier branch, and on their respective second ends to the secondary winding of the power transformer, each of the circuit branches comprising a switching element user-selectably driven between an open and closed state,
wherein an output current through the first and second output rectifier branches is defined according to one or more of the switching elements in the circuit branches being closed.
18. The LED driver of claim 17 , further comprising:
a mechanical housing configured with an input terminal block to receive input mains AC power, an output terminal block to provide output DC power to an LED array, and a user interface configured to enable user selection from a plurality of discrete output current settings;
wherein the switching elements for each of the circuit branches are driven between an open and closed state associated with a user-selected output current setting; and
wherein the first and second output rectifier branches are coupled in parallel across first and second terminals of the output terminal block.
19. The LED driver of claim 18 , wherein the user interface comprises a plurality of user selectable switches corresponding to the plurality of circuit branches, wherein the switching element for a given circuit branch is driven between an open and closed state based on a condition of an associated user selectable switch.
20. The LED driver of claim 19 , further comprising:
first and second DC buffering capacitors coupled in series between the DC input and an input circuit ground; and
wherein the input power converter comprises first and second inverter switching elements coupled across the first and second DC buffering capacitors, and the primary transformer winding is coupled on a first end to the node between the inverter switching elements and on a second end to a node between the first and second DC buffering capacitors.