IP Library › Granted Patent US 9,855,254
Granted Patent B2
US 9,855,254 · App. 15/212,720 · Granted Jan 2, 2018

Methods of treating hepatic encephalopathy

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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 9,855,254
App. No.
15/212,720
Granted
Jan 2, 2018
Kind
B2
Abstract

The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin. The instant application also provides methods for determining if a subject has a neurological condition or hepatic encephalopathy by determining the critical flicker frequency and/or the venous ammonia level of the subject at two or more time points. The invention further provides methods for treating these subjects.

Claims (13)

1. A method of reducing the risk of hospitalization for a subject having hepatic encephalopathy (HE) comprising orally administering between about 1000 mg to about 1200 mg rifaximin daily to the subject for a period of 12 months or longer, thereby reducing the risk of hospitalization.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of rifaximin is sufficient to reduce the frequency of hospitalization visits by at least 50 percent compared to a subject who is not being administered rifaximin.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the HE is overt hepatic encephalopathy.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has a history of recurrent, episodic, and overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering lactulose to the subject.

6. The method of claim 1 comprising orally administering about 1100 mg of rifaximin per day to the subject.

7. The method of claim 6 comprising orally administering about 550 mg of rifaximin twice daily to the subject.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is at least 18 years old.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rifaximin is administered to the subject with or without food.

10. The method of claim 1 comprising administering the rifaximin to the subject for a duration between 12 to 24 months.

11. The method of claim 1 comprising administering the rifaximin to the adult subject for the duration of the subject's life.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has had two or fewer HE episodes in the 6-month period prior to commencing administration of rifaximin.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has had two or more HE episodes in the 6-month period prior to commencing administration of rifaximin.

Assignments (17)
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Nov 20, 2025
From: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
To: ATON PHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; COMMONWEALTH LABORATORIES, LLC; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; ECR PHARMACEUTICALS CO., INC.; LABORATOIRE CHAUVIN S.A.S.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ONPHARMA INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.; TECHNOLAS PERFECT VISION GMBH; VALEANT CANADA LP; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC; WIRRA IP PTY LIMITED; VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SP. Z O.O.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS LUXEMBOURG S.A R.L.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
Reel/Frame 073637/0001 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Nov 20, 2025
From: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
To: BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.
Reel/Frame 073637/0126 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Nov 20, 2025
From: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
To: BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.
Reel/Frame 073654/0242 →
U.S. PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Jun 13, 2025
From: MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC (F/K/A VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC); PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
Reel/Frame 071564/0463 →
U.S. PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Jun 13, 2025
From: MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC (F/K/A VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC); PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.
Reel/Frame 071566/0200 →
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Apr 8, 2025
From: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
To: SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH IRELAND LIMITED (F/K/A/ VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED); SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD; SANTARUS, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; HUMAX PHARMACEUTICAL S.A.; SOLTA MEDICAL IRELAND LIMITED; BAUSCH & LOMB MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V.; BAUSCH+LOMB OPS B.V.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH COMPANIES INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH HOLDCO LIMITED; BAUSCH HEALTH MAGYARORSZAG KFT (A/K/A BAUSCH HEALTH HUNGARY LLC); BAUSCH HEALTH POLAND SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA (F/K/A VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA); BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; BAUSCH HEALTH, CANADA INC. / SANTE BAUSCH, CANADA INC.; ICN POLFA RZESZOW SPOLKA AKCYJNA (A/K/A ICN POLFA RZESZOW S.A.); ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRZEDSIEBIORSTWO FARMACEUTYCZNE JELFA SPOLKA AKCYJNA (A/K/A PRZEDSIEBIORSTWO FARMACEUTYCZNE JELFA S.A.); SOLTA MEDICAL DUTCH HOLDINGS B.V.; V-BAC HOLDING CORP.; VRX HOLDCO LLC; 1261229 B.C. LTD.; 1530065 B.C. LTD.
Reel/Frame 070778/0199 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT (SECOND LIEN) Recorded Oct 5, 2022
From: BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 061606/0468 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT (FIRST LIEN) Recorded Oct 4, 2022
From: BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 061595/0066 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Feb 10, 2022
From: BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
Reel/Frame 059121/0001 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jun 8, 2021
From: BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 056811/0814 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jun 19, 2019
From: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.
To: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Reel/Frame 049517/0370 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Mar 11, 2019
From: BAUSCH HEALTH AMERICAS, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH HEALTH US, LLC; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 048556/0758 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Feb 26, 2018
From: ATON PHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; COMMONWEALTH LABORATORIES, LLC; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; ECR PHARMACEUTICALS CO., INC.; LABORATOIRE CHAUVIN S.A.S.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ONPHARMA INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.; TECHNOLAS PERFECT VISION GMBH; VALEANT CANADA LP; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC; WIRRA IP PTY LIMITED; VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SP. Z O.O.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS LUXEMBOURG S.A R.L.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
To: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 045444/0299 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Feb 26, 2018
From: ATON PHARMA, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; COMMONWEALTH LABORATORIES, LLC; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; ECR PHARMACEUTICALS CO., INC.; LABORATOIRE CHAUVIN S.A.S.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; ONPHARMA INC.; ORAPHARMA, INC.; PRECISION DERMATOLOGY, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SANTARUS, INC.; SOLTA MEDICAL, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.; TECHNOLAS PERFECT VISION GMBH; VALEANT CANADA LP; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL, INC.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS NORTH AMERICA LLC; WIRRA IP PTY LIMITED; VALEANT PHARMA POLAND SP. Z O.O.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS LUXEMBOURG S.A R.L.; VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 045444/0634 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jul 19, 2017
From: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD
To: THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
Reel/Frame 043041/0880 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded May 25, 2017
From: ALDEN OPTICAL LABORATORIES, INC.; BAUSCH & LOMB INCORPORATED; BAUSCH & LOMB PHARMA HOLDINGS CORP.; DENDREON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; DOW PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, INC.; MEDICIS PHARMACEUTICAL CORPORATION; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.; SANTARUS, INC.; SPROUT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; SYNERGETICS USA, INC.
To: BARCLAYS BANK PLC, AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 042584/0861 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 2, 2016
From: FORBES, WILLIAM; MERCHANT, KUNAL; BORTEY, ENOCH; SHAW, AUDREY
To: SALIX PHARMACEUTICALS, LTD.
Reel/Frame 040544/0963 →