Low GWP fluids for high temperature heat pump applications
View Patent ↗The present invention relates, in part, to heat transfer compositions, and associated systems and methods, which include a first composition selected from the group consisting of HFO-1233zd, HFC-245fa, and combinations of these; and, optionally, a second composition selected from the group consisting of HFO-1234ze, HFC-134a, and combinations of these.
1. A high temperature heat pump system comprising a compressor, an evaporator, and a condenser operating at a condenser temperature of greater than 100° C., wherein a heat transfer composition flows through the system, the heat transfer composition comprising a refrigerant having a global warming potential (GWP) of not greater than about 150and comprising:
a. from about 90% to about 95% by weight of HFO-1233zd, wherein said HFO-1233zd consists essentially of HFO-1233zd(E); and
b. from about 5% to about 10% by weight of HFC-134a, provided the refrigerant has: (1) a capacity of at least about 90% relative to CFC-114 in said a high temperature heat pump system; (2) a COP of at least about 95% relative to CFC-114 in said a high temperature heat pump system; and (3) a glide of less than about 3° C. in said a high temperature heat pump.
2. The high temperature heat pump system of claim 1 , wherein said refrigerant comprises about 95% by weight of HFO-1233zd.
3. The high temperature heat pump system of claim 2 , wherein said HFO-1233zd consists of HFO-1233zd(E).
4. The high temperature heat pump system of claim 2 , comprising about 95 wt. % of HFO-1233zd and about 5 wt. % of HFC-134a.
5. The high temperature heat pump system of claim 3 , comprising about 90 wt. % of HFO-1233zd and about 10 wt. % of HFC-134a.
6. A method of transferring heat to or from a fluid or body in a high temperature heat pump system comprising
providing a high temperature heat pump composition comprising from about 90% to less than about 100% by weight of HFO-1233zd; and from greater than about 0% to about 10% by weight of HFC-134a, provided that the heat transfer composition has one or more of the following: (1) a capacity between about 90% and about 110% relative to CFC-114 in a high temperature heat pump system; (2) a COP of at least about 95% relative to CFC-114 in a high temperature heat pump system; or (3) a glide of less than about 3° C. in a high temperature heat pump system;
providing the high temperature heat pump composition within the system and flowing the high temperature heat pump composition through said system;
causing a phase change in said high temperature heat pump composition, and
exchanging heat with said fluid or body during said phase change.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said high temperature heat pump composition comprises about 95% by weight of HFO-1233zd.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said HFO-1233zd consists of HFO-1233zd(E).
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said high temperature heat pump composition comprises about 90 wt. % of HFO-1233zd and about 10 wt. % of HFC-134a.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein said high temperature heat pump composition comprises from about 90 wt. % to about 95 wt. % of HFO-1233zd and from about 5 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of HFC-134a.
11. The method of claim 8 wherein said high temperature heat transfer composition comprises about 85 wt. % of HFO-1233zd and about 5 wt. % of HFC-134a.
12. The method of claim 6 wherein said high temperature heat pump composition has a GWP of not greater than about 150.