Projected-capacitive (PCAP) touchscreen
Various configurations and arrangements for touchscreens are disclosed to accommodate for one or more optical discontinuities that can be present within these touchscreens. When the one or more optical discontinuities are present, these configurations and arrangements of the touchscreens present a single layer of transparent conductive material that can be difficult to perceive by a human eye when viewing the touchscreens. Additionally, various edge correction techniques are disclosed to adjust mutual capacitances along a perimeter of the touchscreens. These edge correction techniques adjust mutual capacitances such that the values of the mutual capacitances are substantially uniform throughout.
1. A touchscreen, comprising:
a transparent substrate;
a first layer of electrode patterns disposed on the transparent substrate, the first layer of electrode patterns comprising: a first electrode and a first floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the first electrode, an electrode terminus of a third electrode, and a third floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the electrode terminus; and
a second layer of electrode patterns comprising a second electrode and a second floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the second electrode, wherein the second floating transparent conductive island overlaps the electrode terminus and the third floating transparent conductive island, and
wherein the first layer of electrode patterns comprise an edge pattern element configured to adjust an edge mutual capacitance between the electrode terminus and the second electrode, wherein the first layer and the second layer of electrode patterns avoid a high-contrast discontinuity by providing a perceived layer of transparent conductive material,
wherein the second layer of electrode patterns further comprises a fourth floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the second electrode and overlapping the first electrode and the first floating transparent conductive island, and
wherein a first combined width of the second and the third floating transparent conductive islands has a greater width than a second combined width of the first and the fourth floating transparent conductive islands.
2. The touchscreen of claim 1 , wherein the edge pattern element comprises a grounded electrode adjacent to an edge boundary of the electrode terminus.
3. The touchscreen of claim 2 , wherein the grounded electrode is grounded via capacitive coupling to a second grounded electrode.
4. The touchscreen of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode further comprises an electrode pad adjacent to the electrode terminus, wherein the edge pattern element creates a greater separation distance between the second electrode and the electrode terminus than between: the second electrode and the electrode pad.
5. The touchscreen of claim 1 , wherein the third floating transparent conductive island is configured to reduce the edge mutual capacitance between the electrode terminus and the second electrode.
6. The touchscreen of claim 1 , wherein the edge pattern element comprises a conductive extension to the second electrode, and wherein the conductive extension is configured to increase the edge mutual capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode.
7. A method for fabricating a touchscreen, comprising:
disposing on a first transparent substrate a first pattern comprising: a first electrode, a first floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the first electrode, an electrode terminus of a third electrode, and a third floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the electrode terminus; and
disposing on a second transparent substrate a second pattern comprising: a second electrode, a second floating transparent conductive island located adjacent to the second electrode, wherein the second floating transparent conductive island overlaps the electrode terminus and the third floating transparent conductive island, and a grounded electrode, wherein the grounded electrode is configured according to a desired edge mutual capacitance between the electrode terminus and the second electrode, wherein the first and the second patterns avoid a high-contrast discontinuity by providing a perceived layer of transparent conductive material when viewed from above an angular direction,
wherein the second pattern further comprises a fourth floating transparent conductive island adjacent to the second electrode and overlapping the first electrode and the first floating transparent conductive island, and
wherein a first combined width of the second and the third floating transparent conductive islands has a greater width than a second combined width of the first and the fourth floating transparent conductive islands.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the grounded electrode is adjacent to an edge boundary of the electrode terminus.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the grounded electrode is configured to extend into a region occupied by the second floating transparent conductive island.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein a gap separates the grounded electrode from the second floating transparent conductive island.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein a location of the gap within the region is configured according to the desired edge mutual capacitance.
12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the grounded electrode is configured to reduce an edge mutual capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode.
13. The method of claim 7 , wherein the disposing on the first transparent substrate utilizes a fabrication process comprising an etch resolution.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first electrode, the first floating transparent conductive island, and the second electrode together reduce optical discontinuities among the first electrode, the second electrode, and the first floating transparent conductive island achieved in accordance with the etch resolution.
15. The touchscreen of claim 2 , wherein the grounded electrode is configured to extend into a region occupied by the second floating transparent conductive island.
16. The touchscreen of claim 15 , wherein a gap separates the grounded electrode from the second floating transparent conductive island, and wherein a location of the gap within the region adjusts the edge mutual capacitance between the electrode terminus and the second electrode.
17. The touchscreen of claim 1 , wherein the second layer of electrode patterns is disposed on a second side of the transparent substrate.
18. The touchscreen of claim 4 , wherein the greater separation distance reduces the edge mutual capacitance between the electrode terminus and the second electrode.
19. The touchscreen of claim 1 , wherein corresponding widths of the second and third floating transparent conductive islands are different, and the different corresponding widths enable individual tuning of the edge mutual capacitance between the electrode terminus and the second electrode compared to other edge mutual capacitances.