Working fluid for heat cycle, composition for heat cycle system, and heat cycle system
To provide a working fluid which has cycle performance sufficient as an alternative to R410A while the influence over global warming is sufficiently suppressed, which does not significantly increase the load to an apparatus as compared with a case where R410A is used, and which can be stably used continuously without any special measures, a composition for a heat cycle system contains the working fluid, and a heat cycle system employs the composition. A working fluid for heat cycle, wherein the global warming potential is less than 300; the product of the relative coefficient of performance and the relative refrigerating capacity is at least 0.820 relative to R410A in a standard refrigerating cycle under conditions of an evaporation temperature of 0° C., a condensing temperature of 40° C., a supercoiling degree of 5° C. and a degree of superheat of 5° C.; the relative compressor discharge gas pressure is at most 1.100; the lower limit of the combustion range by method A in High Pressure Gas Safety Act is at least 5 vol %; and the pressure will not exceed 2.00 MPaG in a combustion test by method A in High Pressure Gas Safety act under 0.98 MPaG at 250° C.
1. A working fluid for heat cycle, the working fluid comprising:
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123); and
at least one selected from the group consisting of trans-1,3,3,3,-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)), cis-1,3,3,3,-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(Z)), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and difluoromethane (HFC-32),
wherein the working fluid satisfies the following properties (A-1) to (E-1):
(A-1): the global warming potential (100 years) in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Fourth assessment report, is at most 200;
(B-1): the product of the relative refrigerating capacity (RQ R410A ) calculated in accordance with the following formula (X) and the relative coefficient of performance (RCOP R410A ) calculated in accordance with the following formula (Y) is at least 0.820:
Relative
refrigerating
capacity
(
RQ
R
410
A
)
=
Refrigerating
capacity
of
sample
(
Q
sample
)
Refrigerating
capacity
of
R
410
A
(
Q
R
410
A
)
(
X
)
Relative
performance
of
coefficient
(
RCOP
R
410
A
)
=
Coefficient
of
performance
of
sample
(
COP
sample
)
Coefficient
of
performance
of
R
410
A
(
COP
R
410
A
)
(
Y
)
wherein R410A is a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the sample is a working fluid to be subjected to relative evaluation; the refrigerating capacity of each of the sample and R410A is an output (kW) when a standard refrigerating cycle is operated under the following temperature conditions (T) using each of the sample and R410A; and the coefficient of performance of each of the sample and R410A is a value obtained by dividing the above output (kW) by the power consumption (kW) required for the above operation using each of the sample and R410A;
[Temperature conditions (T)]
the evaporation temperature is 0° C., provided that in the case of a non-azeotropic mixture, the evaporation temperature is the average temperature of the evaporation initiation temperature and the evaporation completion temperature, the condensing temperature is 40° C., provided that in the case of a non-azeotropic mixture, the condensing temperature is the average temperature of the condensation initiation temperature and the condensation completion temperature, the supercooling degree (SC) is 5° C., and the degree of superheat (SH) is 5° C.;
(C-1): the relative pressure (RDP R410A ) calculated in accordance with the following formula (Z) is at most 1.100:
Relative
pressure
(
RDP
R
410
A
)
=
Compressor
discharge
gas
pressure
of
sample
(
DP
sample
)
Compressor
discharge
gas
pressure
of
R
410
A
(
DP
R
410
A
)
(
Z
)
wherein R410A is a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the sample is a working fluid to be subjected to relative evaluation; the compressor discharge gas pressure of each of the sample and R410A is a compressor discharge gas pressure when a standard refrigerating cycle is operated under the above temperature conditions (T) using each of the sample and R410A;
(D-1): the lower limit of the combustion range measured in accordance with method A in High Pressure Gas Safety Act is at least 5 vol %; and
(E-1): in a combustion test under conditions of 0.98 MPaG and 250° C. in equipment in accordance with method A for measurement of the combustion range in High Pressure Gas Safety Act, the pressure will not exceed 2.00 MPaG.
2. The working fluid according to claim 1 , wherein the product of the relative coefficient of performance (RCOP R410A ) and the relative refrigerating capacity (RQ R410A ) is at least 0.900.
3. The working fluid according to claim 2 , wherein the product of the relative coefficient of performance (RCOP R410A ) and the relative refrigerating capacity (RQ R410A ) is at least 0.950.
4. The working fluid according to claim 1 , wherein the relative pressure (RDP R410A ) is at most 1.000.
5. The working fluid according to claim 1 , wherein the working fluid has no combustion range.
6. A composition for a heat cycle system, the composition comprising the working fluid for heat cycle as defined in claim 1 and a refrigerant oil.
7. A heat cycle system, comprising the composition of claim 6 .
8. The heat cycle system according to claim 7 , wherein the heat cycle system is a refrigerating apparatus, an air-conditioning apparatus, a power generation system, a heat transport apparatus or a secondary cooling machine.
9. A working fluid for heat cycle, the working fluid being one of mixtures of:
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and difluoromethane (HFC-32);
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), trans-1,3,3,3,-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)), and difluoromethane (HFC-32);
cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(Z)) and difluoromethane (HFC-32);
trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and difluoromethane (HFC-32); or
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf),
wherein the working fluid satisfies the following properties (A-1) to (E-1):
(A-1): the global warming potential (100 years) in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Fourth assessment report, is at most 200;
(B-1): the product of the relative refrigerating capacity (RQ R410A ) calculated in accordance with the following formula (X) and the relative coefficient of performance (RCOP R410A ) calculated in accordance with the following formula (Y) is at least 0.820:
Relative
refrigerating
capacity
(
RQ
R
410
A
)
-
Refrigerating
capacity
of
sample
(
Q
sample
)
Refrigerating
capacity
of
R
410
A
(
Q
R
410
A
)
(
X
)
Relative
performance
of
coefficient
(
RCOP
R
410
A
)
-
Coefficient
of
performance
of
sample
(
COP
sample
)
Coefficient
of
performance
of
R
410
A
(
COP
R
410
A
)
(
Y
)
wherein R410A is a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the sample is a working fluid to be subjected to relative evaluation; the refrigerating capacity of each of the sample and R410A is an output (kW) when a standard refrigerating cycle is operated under the following temperature conditions (T) using each of the sample and R410A; and the coefficient of performance of each of the sample and R410A is a value obtained by dividing the above output (kW) by the power consumption (kW) required for the above operation using each of the sample and R410A;
[Temperature conditions (T)]
the evaporation temperature is 0° C., provided that in the case of a non-azeotropic mixture, the evaporation temperature is the average temperature of the evaporation initiation temperature and the evaporation completion temperature, the condensing temperature is 40° C., provided that in the case of a non-azeotropic mixture, the condensing temperature is the average temperature of the condensation initiation temperature and the condensation completion temperature, the supercooling degree (SC) is 5° C., and the degree of superheat (SH) is 5° C.;
(C-1): the relative pressure (RDP R410A ) calculated in accordance with the following formula (Z) is at most 1.100:
Relative
pressure
(
RDP
R
410
A
)
-
Compressor
discharge
gas
pressure
of
sample
(
DP
sample
)
Compressor
discharge
gas
pressure
of
R
410
A
(
DP
R
410
A
)
(
Z
)
wherein R410A is a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the sample is a working fluid to be subjected to relative evaluation; the compressor discharge gas pressure of each of the sample and R410A is a compressor discharge gas pressure when a standard refrigerating cycle is operated under the above temperature conditions (T) using each of the sample and R410A;
(D-1): the lower limit of the combustion range measured in accordance with method A in High Pressure Gas Safety Act is at least 5 vol %; and
(E-1): in a combustion test under conditions of 0.98 MPaG and 250° C. in equipment in accordance with method A for measurement of the combustion range in High Pressure Gas Safety Act, the pressure will not exceed 2.00 MPaG.
10. The working fluid according to claim 9 , wherein the working fluid is one of mixtures of:
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), and difluoromethane (HFC-32);
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), trans-1,3,3,3,-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)), and difluoromethane (HFC-32); or
1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).