Digital beamforming architecture
View Patent ↗This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for digital beamforming. In one aspect, a subsystem of a spacecraft can include multipliers and a data distribution network including adders to provide beamformed signals.
1. A beamforming system comprising:
a first multiplier circuit configured to receive a first complex number representing an amplitude and a phase of a first signal and receive a first set of weightings, the first multiplier circuit configured to generate weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the first complex number derived from a multiplication of the first complex number with the first set of weightings;
a second multiplier circuit configured to receive a second complex number representing an amplitude and a phase of a second signal and receive a second set of weightings, the second multiplier circuit configured to generate weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the second complex number derived from a multiplication of the second complex number with the second set of weightings; and
a data distribution network with processing node processors configured to receive the weighted real and imaginary components of the first and second complex numbers and configured to generate a third complex number representing an adjusted amplitude and an adjusted phase of the first signal and generate a fourth complex number representing an adjusted amplitude and an adjusted phase of the second signal, the data distribution network including a first processing node configured to determine a sum of the weighted real and imaginary components of the first and second complex numbers and provide a first portion of the sum to a second processing node and a second portion of the sum to a third processing node such that the data distribution network generates the third complex number and the fourth complex number.
2. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the first signal and the second signal are return user uplink signals or forward user downlink signals.
3. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the first portion and the second portion are different halves of the sum.
4. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the data distribution network includes a set of processing elements that are communicatively coupled to each other in a butterfly topology.
5. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the first multiplier circuit further generates the weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the first complex number using a comparison of a first weighting and a second weighting of the first set of weightings.
6. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the third and fourth complex numbers represent beamformed signals.
7. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second multiplier circuits are configured as Booth multipliers.
8. The beamforming system of claim 1 , wherein the weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the first complex number includes a first pair of weighted real and weighted imaginary components and a second pair of weighted real and weighted imaginary components, the weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the second complex number includes a first pair of weighted real and weighted imaginary components and a second pair of weighted real and weighted imaginary components.
9. The beamforming system of claim 8 , wherein the third complex number is derived from the first pairs of the weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the first complex number and the second complex number.
10. The beamforming system of claim 9 , wherein the fourth complex number is derived from the second pairs of the weighted real and weighted imaginary components of the first complex number and the second complex number.
11. A beamforming system comprising:
a first multiplier circuit configured to receive a first complex number representing a first input signal and receive a first set of beamforming coefficients, the first multiplier circuit configured to generate an N number of partial products derived from a multiplication of the first complex number with the first set of beamforming coefficients;
a second multiplier circuit configured to receive a second complex number representing a second input signal and receive a second set of beamforming coefficients, the second multiplier circuit configured to generate an N number of partial products derived from a multiplication of the second complex number with the second set of beamforming coefficients; and
a data distribution network with processing node elements configured to receive the N number of partial products from the first multiplier circuit and the N number of partial products from the second multiplier circuit, and configured to generate a third complex number representing a first beamformed signal and a fourth complex number representing a second beamformed signal such that the third complex number is derived from a summation of a partial product from the N number of partial products from the first multiplier circuit and a partial product from the N number of partial products from the second multiplier circuit, and the fourth complex number is derived from a summation of a partial product from the N number of partial products from the first multiplier circuit and a partial product from the N number of partial products from the second multiplier circuit.
12. The beamforming system of claim 11 , wherein the first input signal and the second input signal are return user uplink signals or forward user downlink signals.
13. The beamforming system of claim 11 , wherein each processing node element of the data distribution network includes an adder configured to add two complex numbers to generate a summed result of the two complex numbers.
14. The beamforming system of claim 13 , wherein the data distribution network includes a first processing node element configured to provide a first portion of the summed result to a second processing node element and a second portion of the summed result to a third processing node element.
15. The beamforming system of claim 14 , wherein the first and second portions are different halves of the summed result.
16. The beamforming system of claim 11 , wherein the data distribution network includes a set of processing elements that are communicatively coupled to each other in a butterfly topology.
17. The beamforming system of claim 11 , wherein the first and second multiplier circuits are configured as Booth multipliers.
18. A method comprising:
receiving, by a digital beamforming system, a first input signal, a second input signal, a first set of beamforming coefficients and a second set of beamforming coefficients, the digital beamforming system including a first multiplier circuit, a second multiplier circuit, and a data distribution network;
determining, by the digital beamforming system, a first complex number representing the first input signal and a second complex number representing the second input signal;
generating, with the first multiplier circuit, an N number of partial products derived from a multiplication of the first complex number with the first set of beamforming coefficients;
generating, with the second multiplier circuit, an N number of partial products derived from a multiplication of the second complex number with the second set of beamforming coefficients;
receiving by the data distribution network, the N number of partial products from the first multiplier circuit and the N number of partial products from the second multiplier circuit; and
generating a third complex number representing a first beamformed signal and a fourth complex number representing a second beamformed signal such that the third complex number is derived from a summation of a partial product from the N number of partial products from the first multiplier circuit and a partial product from the N number of partial products from the second multiplier circuit, wherein the data distribution network provides, by a first processing node, a first portion of the summation to a second processing node and a second portion of the summation to a third processing node, and the fourth complex number is derived from a summation of a partial product from the N number of partial products from the first multiplier circuit and a partial product from the N number of partial products from the second multiplier circuit.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first input signal and the second input signal are return user uplink signals or forward user downlink signals.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first and second multiplier circuits are configured as Booth multipliers.