Method and apparatus for delivering power using external data
A control system for an energy storage system located behind a utility meter uses a unique, feedback-based, communication and control method to reliably and efficiently maximize economic return of the energy storage system. Operating parameters for the energy storage system are calculated at an external, centralized data center, and are selected to prevent electrical power demand of an electric load location from exceeding a specified set-point by discharging energy storage devices, such as DC batteries, through a bidirectional energy converter during peak demand events. The control system can operate autonomously in the case of a communications failure.
1. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to control fluctuations in energy use at an electric load location by performing the steps of:
generating, based on simulation results, control parameters, wherein a simulation is iteratively performed using forecast information to generate the simulation results;
monitoring a first rate of energy transfer from an electric line to an electric load location; and
controlling, based on the control parameters, a second rate of energy transfer between the electric line and an energy storage device, wherein controlling the second rate of energy transfer comprises maintaining the second rate below a threshold value, wherein the threshold value varies with time.
2. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 1 , further storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the step of creating a list of control coefficients that are used to generate the control parameters.
3. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 2 , further storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the step of validating the list of control coefficients by performing the simulation using the list of control coefficients.
4. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 1 , further storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the steps of:
creating a list of control coefficients that are used to generate the control parameters; and
generating the forecast information by creating, for each of the list of control coefficients and based on one or more received external inputs, a first forecast for a first time period.
5. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 1 , further storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the step of generating the forecast information by creating, based on one or more received external inputs, a first forecast for a first time period.
6. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 5 , wherein the one or more received external inputs are selected from a group consisting of:
weather information, sunrise and sunset information, power usage cost information, a billing period of a utility, a geographic location corresponding to an electric load location, local solar production, local incident light, electric load location customer type, electric load location building specifications, grid operator data, and time data.
7. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 1 , wherein generating control parameters further comprises:
generating forecast information by creating, based on one or more received external inputs, a first forecast for a first time period; and
cleansing the one or more received external inputs by adjusting information received from a first external input so that a time scale associated with the information received from the first external input matches a time scale associated with information received from a second external input.
8. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 1 , wherein the control parameters comprise:
one or more demand set-point curves, and
one or more battery curves.
9. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 8 , wherein the one or more battery curves comprise:
a flat battery curve,
a stepped battery curve, or
a continuously-varying battery curve.
10. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 1 , wherein generating the control parameters further comprises:
receiving electrical power tariff information for a first time period; and
generating the control parameters based on the electrical power tariff information.
11. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 10 , wherein simulation contains the electrical power tariff information.
12. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 10 , wherein generating the control parameters comprises:
receiving energy storage device operation information that includes at least one of:
state-of-charge information received from the energy storage device,
total charge capacity information received from the energy storage device,
charge discharge efficiency rating information received from the energy storage device, and
current energy capacity information received from the energy storage device; and
generating the control parameters based on the simulation, wherein the simulation uses the electrical power tariff information.