Plasma-arc-through apparatus and process for submerged electric arcs with venting
View Patent ↗An application for a recycler includes a pressure and temperature resistant metal vessel that is filled with a liquid. Within the vessel is at least one submerged electric arc between a pair of electrodes (e.g. carbon based electrodes) powered by either a DC or AC current. The electric arc produces a combustible gas as the liquid is pumped through a bore in one or both of the electrodes, delivering the liquid directly to the location of the arc, thereby reducing or eliminating any ignition of the gas by the arc. Should ignition occur, at least one vent in the electrode(s) or electrode holder(s) vents pressure from within the bore to the vessel area outside of the electrode(s).
1. An apparatus for producing usable energy comprising:
a pressure and temperature resistant vessel at least partially filled with a liquid;
two electrodes held within the vessel and submerged within the liquid, a longitudinal bore passing through a first electrode of the two of electrodes;
means for delivering an electric current to each of the two electrodes, forming an arc between the two electrodes; the liquid flows through the bore and exits the bore at the arc; and
at least one vent formed through a side of the first electrode, the at least one vent fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel;
wherein a combustible gas is produced by the arc and the combustible gas percolates to the surface of the liquid for collection.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the two electrodes is a carbon-based electrode.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the electric current is a direct electric current.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the direct electric current pulses at a frequency that is a sub-multiple of a resonating frequency of the liquid.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the electric current is an alternating electric current.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the alternating electric current has a variable voltage and a variable frequency.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a frequency the alternating electric current is a sub-multiple of a resonating frequency of the liquid.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , where each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed at an angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the first electrode, the angle being other than 90 degrees, fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , where the angle aims towards a flow of the fluid within the bore, reducing flow of the fluid from the bore to an area outside of the first electrode in absence of back pressure.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is electrically and physically interfaced to a holder, the bore also passing through the holder; and wherein each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed in the holder, each of the at least one vent fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the holder within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed in the holder at an angle aimed towards a flow of the fluid within the bore, thereby reducing flow of the fluid from the bore to an area outside of the holder in absence of back pressure.
12. A method of producing a combustible gas, the method comprising:
at least partially filling a pressure and temperature resistant vessel with a liquid, the vessel having a first electrode and a second electrode held within the vessel and submerged within the liquid, the first electrode having a bore passing longitudinally through the first electrode;
at least one vent formed in a wall of the first electrode, the at least one vent fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel;
delivering an electric current to the electrodes;
creating an arc between the first electrode to the second electrode;
flowing the liquid through the bore, the liquid exiting the bore at the arc;
the arc producing a combustible gas; and
after the combustible gas percolates to the surface of the liquid, collecting the combustible gas.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein where each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to a longitudinal axis of the bore in the first electrode, fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel.
14. The method of claim 12 , where each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed in a holder, the holder electrically and physically interfaced to the first electrode, the bore also passing through the holder, each of the at least one vent fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein, upon combustion of the combustible gas, temporarily flowing of the fluid back into the bore and exiting the at least one vent.
16. An apparatus for producing usable energy comprising:
a pressure and temperature resistant vessel at least partially filled with a liquid;
two electrodes held by two electrode holders within the vessel and submerged within the liquid, a bore passing longitudinally through a first electrode of the two of electrodes and through an associated electrode holder of the two electrode holders, such that the liquid flows through the bore and exits the bore at an arc formed between the two electrodes by an electric current delivered to the two electrodes; and
at least one vent formed in a wall of the first electrode, the at least one vent fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel;
wherein a combustible gas is produced by the arc and the combustible gas percolates to the surface of the liquid for collection.
17. The apparatus according to claim 16 , where each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed in the first electrode at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to an axis of the bore, fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the first electrode within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel.
18. The apparatus according to claim 17 , where the angle is aimed towards a flow of the fluid within the bore, reducing flow of the fluid from the bore to an area outside of the first electrode in absence of back pressure.
19. The apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein the first electrode is electrically and physically interfaced to the associated holder, the bore also passing through the associated holder; and wherein each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed in the associated holder, each of the at least one vent fluidly interfacing the bore and an area outside of the associated holder within the pressure and temperature resistant vessel.
20. The apparatus according to claim 19 , wherein each of the at least one vent is drilled/formed in the associated holder at an angle aimed towards a flow of the fluid within the bore, thereby reducing flow of the fluid from the bore to an area outside of the associated holder in absence of back pressure.