Articles with reducible silver ions or silver metal
A precursor article has a substrate and a photosensitive thin film or photosensitive thin film pattern on one or both supporting sides. A non-hydroxylic-solvent soluble silver complex is present that is represented by the following formula (I): (Ag + ) a (L) b (P) c (I) wherein L represents an α-oxy carboxylate; P represents a primary alkylamine; a is 1 or 2; b is 1 or 2; and c is 1, 2, 3, or 4, provided that when a is 1, b is 1, and when a is 2, b is 2. A photosensitizer can also be present to enhance photosensitivity for conversion of reducible silver ions to electrically-conductive silver metal in a resulting product article or device. The electrically-conductive silver metal can be provided as a uniform electrically-conductive silver metal-containing thin film or layer, or as one or more electrically-conductive silver metal-containing thin film patterns.
1. A precursor article comprising a substrate having a first supporting side and a second opposing supporting side, and having on at least the first supporting side,
a photosensitive thin film or one or more photosensitive thin film patterns, the photosensitive thin film or each of the one or more photosensitive thin film patterns comprising:
a) a non-hydroxylic-solvent soluble silver complex comprising a reducible silver ion complexed with an α-oxy carboxylate and a primary alkylamine,
the non-hydroxylic-solvent soluble silver complex being represented by the following formula (I):
(Ag + ) a (L) b (P) c (I)
wherein L represents the α-oxy carboxylate; P represents the primary alkylamine; a is 1 or 2; b is 1 or 2; and c is 1, 2, 3, or 4, provided that when a is 1, b is 1, and when a is 2, b is 2; and
b) a photosensitizer that can either reduce the reducible silver ion or oxidize the α-oxy carboxylate.
2. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a polymeric film, glass, or ceramic material.
3. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a continuous polyester web.
4. The precursor article of claim 1 , comprising the one or more photosensitive thin film patterns in different portions of the first supporting side of the substrate.
5. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein one or more non-hydroxylic-solvent soluble silver complexes are present in the photosensitive thin film or the one or more photosensitive thin film patterns, in an amount of at least 96 weight % and up to and including 99.5 weight % based on the total dry weight of the photosensitive thin film; and the photosensitizer is present in an amount of at least 0.5 weight % and up to and including 4 weight %, based on the total amount of the one or more non-hydroxylic-solvent soluble silver complexes.
6. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein L is represented by the following formula (II):
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently hydrogen or branched or linear alkyl groups.
7. The precursor article of claim 6 , wherein R 1 is hydrogen or a branched or linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 2 and R 3 are independently branched or linear alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein any of the hydrogen atoms in the R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 branched or linear alkyl groups optionally can be replaced with a fluorine atom.
8. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein P is a primary alkylamine having a boiling point of less than or equal to 175° C.
9. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein P is a primary alkylamine selected from the group consisting of propylamine, n-butylamine, t-butylamine, isopropylamine, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine, 3,3,3-trifluoropropylamine, 1,2-dimethylpropylamine, t-amyl amine, isopentylamine, 2-amino-3-methylbutane, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butylamine, 2-aminohexane, and sec-butylamine.
10. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein the primary alkylamine has an oxidation potential greater than 1.0 V vs. SCE; the α-oxy carboxylate has a first oxidation potential of at least 1.2 V vs. SCE; and upon decarboxylation of the α-oxy carboxylate, a second radical is generated that has an oxidation potential greater than 1.0 V vs. SCE.
11. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein the primary alkylamine has an oxidation potential greater than 1.4 V vs. SCE.
12. The precursor article of claim 1 , comprising one or more photosensitive thin film patterns on the second opposing supporting side of the substrate, each of the one or more photosensitive thin film patterns disposed on the second opposing supporting side of the substrate, comprising:
a) the non-hydroxylic-solvent soluble silver complex; and
b) the photosensitizer.
13. The precursor article of claim 1 , wherein:
(i) a and b are both 1 and c is 1 or 2;
(ii) a and b are both 2 and c is 2; or
(iii) a and b are both 2 and c is 4.
14. A product article comprising a substrate having a first supporting side and a second opposing supporting side, and having on at least the first supporting side,
an electrically-conductive silver metal-containing thin film or one or more electrically-conductive silver metal-containing thin film patterns, comprising:
silver metal;
an α-oxy carboxylate;
a primary alkylamine; and
a photosensitizer that can either reduce reducible silver ion or oxidize the α-oxy carboxylate.
15. The product article of claim 14 , further comprising one or more electrically-conductive silver metal-containing thin film patterns in different portions on the second opposing supporting side of the substrate,
each of these one or more electrically-conductive silver metal-containing thin film patterns comprising:
silver metal;
an α-oxy carboxylate;
a primary alkylamine; and
a photosensitizer that can either reduce reducible silver ion or oxidize the α-oxy carboxylate.