Fluoropolymers and membranes comprising fluoropolymers (I)
Disclosed are a copolymer, porous membranes made from the copolymer, and a method of treating fluids using the porous membranes to remove metal ions, for example, from fluids originating in the microelectronics industry, wherein the copolymer includes polymerized monomeric units I and II, wherein monomeric unit I is of the formula A-X—CH 2 —B, wherein A is Rf—(CH 2 )n, Rf is a perfluoro alkyl group of the formula CF 3 —(CF 2 ) x —, wherein x is 3-12, n is 1-6, X is O or S, and B is vinylphenyl, the monomeric unit II is haloalkyl styrene, and optionally wherein the halo group of haloalkyl is replaced with an optional substituent, for example, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, or iminodisuccinic acid.
1. A copolymer comprising polymerized monomeric units I and II, wherein:
monomeric unit I is of the formula A-X—CH 2 —B, wherein A is Rf-(CH 2 )n, Rf is a perfluoro alkyl group of the formula CF 3 —(CF 2 ) x —, wherein x is 3-12, n is 1-6, X is S, and B is vinylphenyl,
monomeric unit II is haloalkyl styrene, and further
wherein one or more of the halo groups of the haloalkyl groups present in the copolymer have been replaced with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, an acidic group, a basic group, a cation, an anion, a zwitterion, hydroxyl, acyloxy, alkylthio, aldehydo, amido, carbamoyl, ureido, cyano, nitro, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, and iminodisuccinic acid.
2. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein n=2.
3. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein x=4-8.
4. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein monomeric unit II is chloroalkyl styrene.
5. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the haloalkyl is chloromethyl.
6. The copolymer of claim 1 , which is a block copolymer.
7. The copolymer of claim 1 , which is a random copolymer.
8. A porous membrane comprising a copolymer and a porous support,
wherein the copolymer comprises polymerized monomeric units I and II, wherein:
monomeric unit I is of the formula A-X—CH 2 —B, wherein A is Rf-(CH 2 )n, Rf is a perfluoro alkyl group of the formula CF 3 —(CF 2 ) x —, wherein x is 3-12, n is 1-6, X is O or S, and B is vinylphenyl,
monomeric unit II is haloalkyl styrene, and further
wherein one or more of the halo groups of the haloalkyl groups present in the copolymer have been replaced with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, an acidic group, a basic group, a cation, an anion, a zwitterion, hydroxyl, acyloxy, alkylthio, aldehydo, amido, carbamoyl, ureido, cyano, nitro, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, and iminodisuccinic acid.
9. The porous membrane of claim 8 , wherein the porous support is a porous polymeric support.
10. The porous membrane of claim 9 , wherein the porous polymeric support is selected from PVC/PAN, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, HDPE, PET, PPS, PPSU (polyphenyl sulfone), PTFE, PVDF, PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene), FEP (fluorinated ethylene-propylene), ETFE (polyethylenetetrafluoroethylene), ECTFE (poly ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene), PFPE (perfluoropolyether), PFSA (perfluorosulfonic acid), and perfluoropolyoxetane.
11. A method of preparing a porous membrane according to claim 8 ,
the method comprising:
(i) dissolving the copolymer in a solvent to obtain a solution comprising the copolymer;
(ii) casting the solution from (i) on the porous support to obtain a coating;
(iii) evaporating the solvent from the coating; optionally
(iv) washing the coating to obtain a porous membrane; and
(v) replacing one or more of the halo group of haloalkyl with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, an acidic group, a basic group, a cation, an anion, a zwitterion, hydroxyl, acyloxy, alkylthio, aldehydo, amido, carbamoyl, ureido, cyano, nitro, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, and iminodisuccinic acid.
12. A method of preparing a porous membrane according to claim 8 ,
the method comprising:
(i) dissolving the copolymer and a second polymer in a solvent to obtain a solution comprising the copolymer and the second polymer; wherein said second polymer forming said porous support;
(ii) mixing the solution from (i) with a pore-forming powder to obtain a mixture;
(iii) casting the mixture from (ii) to obtain a coating;
(iv) evaporating the solvent from the coating;
(v) washing the coating to remove the pore-forming powder; and
(vi) drying the resulting membrane; and
(vii) replacing one or more of the halo group of haloalkyl with a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyalkyl, an acidic group, a basic group, a cation, an anion, a zwitterion, hydroxyl, acyloxy, alkylthio, aldehydo, amido, carbamoyl, ureido, cyano, nitro, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, and iminodisuccinic acid.
13. A method of filtering a fluid, the method comprising passing the fluid through the porous membrane of claim 8 .
14. A method of filtering a fluid, the method comprising passing the fluid through the porous membrane of claim 9 .
15. A method of filtering a fluid, the method comprising passing the fluid through the porous membrane of claim 10 .