Motor Cooling System Utilizing Axial Cooling Channels
A method of cooling an electric motor is provided utilizing axial cooling channels that are integral to the stator teeth, thus allowing direct contact between the circulating coolant and the lamination stack and providing an efficient means of removing motor assembly heat. Additionally, as the coolant flows out of the cooling channels it impinges on the end windings, thereby providing a secondary means of cooling the motor assembly.
1 . A method of cooling an electric motor, comprising circulating a coolant through a plurality of axial cooling channels integrated into a plurality of stator teeth, said plurality of stator teeth corresponding to a stator of said electric motor, wherein an axis corresponding to each of said axial cooling channels is parallel with a cylindrical axis corresponding to said stator.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising positioning said plurality of axial cooling channels within said plurality of stator teeth during stator fabrication such that a first radial distance measured from said cylindrical axis to an outermost edge of each of said plurality of axial cooling channels is less than a second radial distance measured from said cylindrical axis to an outermost edge of each of a plurality of stator slots.
3 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising positioning said plurality of axial cooling channels within said plurality of stator teeth during stator fabrication such that a first radial distance measured from said cylindrical axis to an outermost edge of each of said plurality of axial cooling channels is equivalent to a second radial distance measured from said cylindrical axis to an outermost edge of each of a plurality of stator slots.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a single axial cooling channel of said plurality of axial cooling channels is integrated into each of said plurality of stator teeth.
5 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming each of said plurality of axial cooling channels during stator fabrication with a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said rectangular cross-sectional shape has rounded corners.
7 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming each of said plurality of axial cooling channels during stator fabrication with a triangular cross-sectional shape.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein said triangular cross-sectional shape has rounded corners.
9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming each of said plurality of axial cooling channels during stator fabrication with an elliptical cross-sectional shape.
10 . The method of claim 1 , said circulating step further comprising flowing said coolant over a first plurality of end windings and flowing said coolant over a second plurality of end windings, wherein during said circulating step said coolant flows through a first end portion of each of said plurality of axial cooling channels and impinges on said first plurality of end windings, and wherein during said circulating step said coolant flows through a second end portion of each of said plurality of axial cooling channels and impinges on said second plurality of end windings.
11 . The method of claim 1 , said circulating step further comprising circulating said coolant through a heat exchanger, wherein said step of circulating said coolant through said heat exchanger is performed after said step of circulating said coolant through said plurality of axial cooling channels.
12 . The method of claim 1 , said circulating step further comprising distributing said coolant to said plurality of axial cooling channels, wherein said distributing step is performed with a coolant manifold integrated into said stator.
13 . The method of claim 12 , further comprising the step of fabricating said coolant manifold using a casting process.
14 . The method of claim 13 , said fabricating step further comprising the step of casting a plurality of coolant passageways within said coolant manifold, wherein said plurality of coolant passageways fluidly couple said plurality of axial cooling channels to at least one electric motor coolant intake.
15 . The method of claim 13 , said fabricating step further comprising the step of selecting a material for said coolant manifold from the group of materials consisting of aluminum, steel, plastic and soft magnetic composite materials.
16 . The method of claim 12 , further comprising the step of fabricating said coolant manifold using a stamping process.
17 . The method of claim 16 , said fabricating step further comprising the step of forming a plurality of coolant passageways within said coolant manifold during said stamping process, said plurality of coolant passageways in the form of a plurality of radial slots, and wherein said plurality of radial slots fluidly couple said plurality of axial cooling channels to at least one electric motor coolant intake.
18 . The method of claim 12 , said circulating step further comprising the step of circulating a first portion of said coolant through a first portion of said plurality of axial cooling channels within a first stator portion, and circulating a second portion of said coolant through a second portion of said plurality of axial cooling channels within a second stator portion, wherein said coolant manifold is integrated into said stator between said first stator portion and said second stator portion.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said circulating step circulates said coolant with a mass flow rate in the range of 10 to 20 liters per minute.