Catalyst support materials and catalyst materials useful for Fischer-Tropsch processes
The present disclosure relates to catalyst support materials and cobalt catalyst materials including such support materials, and their uses in Fischer-Tropsch processes. In certain aspects, a catalyst support material includes alumina, silicon oxide and titanium dioxide. In other aspects, a catalyst material includes a catalyst support material as described herein, with a catalytic metal such as cobalt disposed thereon.
1. A catalyst material comprising a catalyst support material and one or more catalytic metals disposed on the catalyst support material, the one or more catalytic metals including cobalt, the catalyst support material comprising in the range of about 75 wt% to about 96 wt% gamma-alumina, calculated as Al 2 O 3 on an oxide basis, in the range of about 1 wt% to about 20 wt% silicon oxide, calculated as SiO 2 on an oxide basis and in the range of about 1 wt% to about 20 wt% titanium dioxide, calculated as TiO 2 on an oxide basis, wherein
the silicon oxide and gamma-alumina are provided as a substantially non-homogeneous mixture in which the silicon oxide is not homogeneously mixed throughout the gamma-alumina and in which
the gamma-alumina is substantially enveloped by the silicon oxide; or
the silicon oxide is dispersed in the gamma-alumina as a dispersed silicon oxide phase, as a dispersed phase of a silicon aluminate, or as a combination thereof,
the gamma-alumina and the silicon oxide are substantially coated by the titanium dioxide, and
at least about 90 wt% of the catalyst support is gamma-alumina, silicon oxide and titanium dioxide.
2. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the gamma-alumina is substantially enveloped by the silicon oxide.
3. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , comprising in the range of about 1 wt% to about 13 wt% silicon oxide, calculated as SiO 2 on an oxide basis.
4. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the titanium dioxide is substantially amorphous, substantially in a rutile phase, or a mixture of the two.
5. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , comprising in the range of about 1 wt% to about 13 wt% titanium dioxide, calculated as TiO 2 on an oxide basis.
6. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst support material is in the form of a plurality of discrete porous particles, in which
the discrete particles have an average discrete particle size in the range of about 10 μm to about 150 μm;
the catalyst support material has an average pore size in the range of about 4 nm to about 50 nm;
the catalyst support material has a pore volume within the range of about 0.05 to about 1 cm 3 /g; and
the catalyst support material has a surface area within the range of from about 10 to about 300 m 2 /g.
7. A catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the total amount of the catalytic metal(s) and any promoters is in the range of about 1 wt% to about 70 wt% of the total catalyst material.
8. A catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more catalytic metals are present in the form of one or more metal oxides.
9. A catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more catalytic metals are present in the form of one or more substantially reduced metals.
10. A catalyst material according to claim 1 , comprising
in the range of about 1 wt% to about 13 wt% silicon oxide; and
in the range of about 1 wt% to about 13 wt% titanium dioxide, substantially amorphous or in rutile phase.
11. The catalyst material according to claim 10 , wherein the gamma-alumina is substantially enveloped by the silicon oxide.
12. A catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material further comprises one or more of platinum, ruthenium, rhenium, silver and boron.
13. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein at least about 95 wt% of the catalyst support is gamma-alumina, silicon oxide and titanium dioxide.
14. The catalyst material according to claim 1 , wherein cobalt is present in an amount in the range of 10 wt% to 37 wt% on an oxide basis.
15. A process for producing one or more hydrocarbons, the process comprising contacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen with a catalyst material according to claim 1 .
16. A process according to claim 15 , wherein
the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is in the range of about 0.67 to about 2.5;
the process is performed with a gas hourly space velocity in the range of about 50 to about 10,000 hr −1 ;
the temperature at which the hydrogen and carbon monoxide are contacted with the catalyst material is in the range from about 160° C. to about 300° C.; and
the pressure at which the contacting of the hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the catalyst material is performed is in the range of about 80 psia (552 kPa) to about 1000 psia (6,895 kPa).