Solar-powered asset tracking device for energy-efficient GPS tracking

1. A device, comprising:

one or more components to:

determine that a charge of a capacitor of the device, powered by solar energy, satisfies a threshold;

power on a first set of components of the device based on determining that the charge of the capacitor satisfies the threshold;

obtain ephemeris data based on powering on the first set of components;

power on a second set of components of the device based on obtaining the ephemeris data;

obtain Global Positioning System (GPS) data using the ephemeris data and based on powering on the second set of components;

transmit the GPS data; and

power off at least one component, of the first set of components or the second set of components, after transmitting the GPS data.

2. The device of claim 1 , where the first set of components includes at least one of:

a microcontroller, or

a component for communicating via a cellular network.

3. The device of claim 1 , where the second set of components includes a GPS component for obtaining the GPS data based on communicating with one or more GPS satellites.

4. The device of claim 1 , where the threshold is a first threshold; and

where the one or more components are further to:

determine that the charge of the capacitor does not satisfy a second threshold after transmitting the GPS data; and

where the one or more components, when powering off the at least one component, are further to:

power off the at least one component based on determining that the charge of the capacitor does not satisfy the second threshold.

5. The device of claim 1 , where the one or more components are further to:

determine that a reporting time period has not elapsed; and

where the one or more components, when powering off the at least one component, are further to:

power off the at least one component based on determining that the reporting time period has not elapsed.

6. The device of claim 1 , where the one or more components are further to:

receive sensor data from one or more sensors of the device; and

modify the threshold based on receiving the sensor data.

7. The device of claim 1 , where the one or more components are further to:

power on a third set of components based on determining that the charge of the capacitor satisfies the threshold;

determine, using the third set of components, that a known wireless communication device has not been detected; and

where the one or more components, when powering on the first set of components, are to:

power on the first set of components based on determining that the known wireless communication device has not been detected.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions, the instructions comprising:

one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the one or more processors to:

determine that a charge of a capacitor of the device, powered by solar energy, satisfies a threshold;

power on a first set of components of the device based on determining that the charge of the capacitor satisfies the threshold;

determine, using one or more of the first set of components, that a known wireless communication device has not been detected;

power on a second set of components based on determining that the known wireless communication device has not been detected;

obtain ephemeris data based on powering on the second set of components;

power on a third set of components of the device based on obtaining the ephemeris data;

obtain Global Positioning System (GPS) data using the ephemeris data and based on powering on the third set of components;

transmit the GPS data; and

power off at least one component, of the first set of components, the second set of components, or the third set of components, after transmitting the GPS data.

9. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8 , where the first set of components includes a wireless personal area network component.

10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8 , where the second set of components includes a component for communicating via a cellular network.

11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8 , where the third set of components includes a GPS component for obtaining the GPS data based on communicating with one or more GPS satellites.

12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8 , where the threshold is a first threshold; and

where the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

determine that the charge of the capacitor does not satisfy a second threshold after transmitting the GPS data; and

where the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to power off the at least one component, cause the one or more processors to:

power off the at least one component based on determining that the charge of the capacitor does not satisfy the second threshold.

13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8 , where the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

determine that a reporting condition has not been satisfied; and

where the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to power off the at least one component, cause the one or more processors to:

power off the at least one component based on determining that the reporting condition has not been satisfied.

14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8 , where the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

receive sensor data from one or more sensors of the device; and

modify the threshold based on receiving the sensor data.

15. A method, comprising:

determining, by a device, that a charge of a capacitor, powered by solar energy, satisfies a first threshold;

powering on, by the device, a first set of components based on determining that the charge of the capacitor satisfies the first threshold;

obtaining, by the device, ephemeris data based on powering on the first set of components;

powering on, by the device, a second set of components based on obtaining the ephemeris data;

obtaining, by the device, Global Positioning System (GPS) data using the ephemeris data and based on powering on the second set of components;

transmitting, by the device, the GPS data;

determining, by the device, that the charge of the capacitor does not satisfy a second threshold after transmitting the GPS data; and

powering off, by the device, at least one component, of the first set of components or the second set of components, based on determining that the charge of the capacitor does not satisfy the second threshold.

16. The method of claim 15 , where powering on the first set of components includes powering on at least one of:

a microcontroller, or

a component for communicating via a cellular network.

17. The method of claim 15 , where powering on the second set of components includes powering on a GPS component for obtaining the GPS data based on communicating with one or more GPS satellites.

18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:

determining that a reporting time period has not elapsed; and

where powering off the at least one component comprises:

powering off the at least one component based on determining that the reporting time period has not elapsed.

19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:

receiving sensor data from one or more sensors of the device; and

modifying the first threshold or the second threshold based on receiving the sensor data.

20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:

powering on a third set of components based on determining that the charge of the capacitor satisfies the first threshold;

determining, using the third set of components, that a known wireless communication device has not been detected; and

where powering on the first set of components comprises:

powering on the first set of components based on determining that the known wireless communication device has not been detected.