Polymeric composites and articles formed thereof
A downhole tool for controlling the flow of a fluid in a wellbore comprises: an annular body having a flow passage therethrough; a frustoconical element disposed about the annular body; a sealing element carried on the annular body and configured to engage a portion of the frustoconical element; and a bottom sub disposed about the annular body; wherein at least one of the frustoconical element and the bottom sub comprise a polymeric composite that includes: a polymer component comprising one or more of the following: a poly(ether ether ketone); or an epoxy, and a filler crosslinked with the polymer component.
1. A polymeric composite comprising:
a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone); and
a filler functionalized to include a functional group;
wherein the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) is crosslinked with the functionalized filler via a multivalent metal cation.
2. The polymeric composite of claim 1 , wherein the filler is functionalized carbon, and a sulfonate group of the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) is bonded to the functional group of the functionalized carbon via the multivalent metal cation.
3. The polymeric composite of claim 1 , wherein the functionalized filler comprises one or more of the following: carbon nanotubes; carbon nanofiber; graphene; graphene oxide; graphite; carbon black; nanodiamonds; fullerene; halloysites; clays; silicate; or silica; and the functional group on the functionalized filler comprises one or more of the following: a carboxy group; a sulfonate group; a phosphonic group; an amino group, a hydroxyl group; or a thiol group.
4. The polymeric composite of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) relative to the functionalized filler is about 100:1 to about 100:40.
5. A polymeric composite comprising:
a poly(ether ether ketone); and
a filler, wherein the filler comprises graphene, carbon nanotubes, or a combination thereof; and the poly(ether ether ketone) is crosslinked with the filler via an organic crosslinking agent.
6. The polymeric composite of claim 5 , wherein the composite has crosslinks formed between a carbon on the backbone of the poly(ether ether ketone) and a carbon on an edge of the graphene via the organic crosslinking agent.
7. A polymeric composite comprising:
a poly(ether ether ketone);
a filler; and
about 0.1 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of a fatty acid or a salt thereof, based on the total weight of the polymeric composite,
wherein the poly(ether ether ketone) is crosslinked with the filler.
8. The polymeric composite of claim 1 , further comprising a second filler that is not functionalized, the second filler comprising one or more of the following: carbon black, mica, glass fiber, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide; graphite; nanodiamonds; halloysites, nanoclays, nanosilica.
9. A downhole article comprising the polymeric composite that includes:
a polymer component comprising one or more of the following: a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone); or an epoxy, and
a filler functionalized to include a functional group;
wherein the filler is crosslinked with the polymer component via a multivalent metal cation.
10. The downhole article of claim 9 , wherein the functionalized filler comprises one or more of the following: carbon nanotubes; carbon nanofiber; graphene; graphene oxide; graphite; carbon black; nanodiamonds; halloysites; clays; or silica; and the functional group on the functionalized filler comprises one or more of the following: a carboxy group; a sulfonate group; a phosphonic group; an amino group, a hydroxyl group; or a thiol group.
11. The downhole article of claim 9 , wherein the filler comprises graphene, carbon nanotubes, or a combination thereof; and the poly(ether ether ketone) is crosslinked with the filler via an organic crosslinking agent.
12. The downhole article of claim 9 , wherein the polymeric composite further comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of a fatty acid or a salt thereof, based on the total weight of the polymeric composite.
13. The downhole article of claim 9 , wherein the downhole article inhibits flow; and the downhole article is selected from the group consisting of seals, compression packing elements, expandable packing elements, O-rings, bonded seals, bullet seals, sub-surface safety valve seals, sub-surface safety valve flapper seal, dynamic seals, V-rings, back up rings, drill bit seals, and electric submersible pump seals, and blowout preventer seals.
14. A downhole article comprising:
a polymer component comprising one or more of the following: a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone); or an epoxy; and
a filler which is crosslinked with the polymer component;
wherein the downhole article is pumpable within a downhole environment; and the downhole article is selected from the group consisting of plugs, bridge plugs, wiper plugs, frac plugs, components of frac plugs, polymeric plugs, disappearing wiper plugs, cementing plugs, swabbing element protectors, buoyant recorders, and pumpable collets.
15. A downhole tool for controlling the flow of a fluid in a wellbore, comprising the downhole article of claim 9 .
16. The downhole tool of claim 15 , further comprising a sealing element adjacent the downhole article.
17. The downhole tool of claim 15 , wherein the downhole tool is a frac plug or a bridge plug.
18. A downhole tool for controlling the flow of a fluid in a wellbore, the tool comprising:
an annular body having a flow passage therethrough;
a frustoconical element disposed about the annular body;
a sealing element carried on the annular body and configured to engage a portion of the frustoconical element; and
a bottom sub disposed about the annular body;
wherein at least one of the frustoconical element and the bottom sub comprise a polymeric composite that includes:
a polymer component comprising one or more of the following: a poly(ether ether ketone); or an epoxy, and
a filler crosslinked with the polymer component.
19. The downhole tool of claim 18 , further comprises a slip segment disposed about the annular body intermediate of the sealing element and the bottom sub.
20. The downhole tool of claim 18 , further comprising an abutment member adjacent the sealing element.
21. The downhole tool of claim 18 , wherein at least one of the frustoconical element and the bottom sub comprise:
a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone);
a functionalized filler having a functional group;
wherein the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) is crosslinked with the functionalized filler via a multivalent metal cation.
22. The downhole tool of claim 21 , wherein a sulfonate group of the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) is bonded to the functional group of the functionalized carbon via the multivalent metal cation.
23. The downhole tool of claim 21 wherein the functionalized filler comprises one or more of the following: carbon nanotubes; carbon nanofiber; graphene; graphene oxide; graphite; carbon black; nanodiamonds; fullerene; halloysites; clays; silicate; or silica; and the functional group on the functionalized filler comprises one or more of the following: a carboxy group; a sulfonate group; a phosphonic group; an amino group, a hydroxyl group; or a thiol group.
24. The downhole tool of claim 18 , wherein the weight ratio of the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) relative to the functionalized filler is about 100:1 to about 100:40.
25. The downhole tool of claim 18 , wherein the polymeric composite further comprises about 0.1 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of a fatty acid or a salt thereof, based on the total weight of the polymeric composite.
26. The downhole tool of claim 21 , wherein the multivalent metal cation comprises one or more of the following: Zn 2+ ; Al 3+ ; Ba 2+ ; or Zr 4+ .