Hybrid turf surface and support therefor
There is provided a hybrid turf support for use with natural grass to form a stable hybrid turf system, the hybrid turf support comprising a knitted reticulated support; and a plurality of grass-like fibers extending upwardly from the knitted reticulated support, the grass-like fibers comprising groups of fibers extending upwardly at intervals.
1. A hybrid turf support for use with natural grass to form a stable hybrid turf system, the hybrid turf support comprising:
(a) a knitted reticulated support comprising:
(i) a plurality of warp members oriented in a longitudinal direction; and
(ii) a first plurality of weft members, each first weft member comprising at least four portions (A), (B), (C), and (D), wherein:
portion (A) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with a first warp member; portion (B) is oriented in a lateral direction between the first warp member and a second warp member; portion (C) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with the second warp member; and portion (D) is oriented in the lateral direction between the second warp member and a third warp member; and
(iii) a second plurality of weft members, each second weft member comprising at least four portions (E), (F) (G). and (H), wherein:
portion (E) is oriented in the lateral direction between the first warp member and the second warp member; portion (F) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with the second warp member; portion (G) is oriented in the lateral direction between the second warp member and the third warp member; and portion (H) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with the third warp member,
wherein the first plurality of weft members and the second plurality of weft members extend in opposing step-wise progressions;
wherein the plurality of warp members intersects with the first and the second plurality of weft members to form an intersection to define a plurality of substantially rectangular-shaped openings suitable for natural grass to grow; and
wherein the weft members are anchored at each end to at least one of the warp members; and
(b) a plurality of artificial grass fibers extending upwardly from the knitted reticulated support, the artificial grass fibers comprising groups of fibers extending upwardly at substantially uniform intervals,
wherein each artificial grass fiber has a top which protrudes and extends upward from the knitted reticulated support, and a bottom fixed to the knitted reticulated support;
wherein the plurality of artificial grass fibers are knitted into the plurality of warp members; and
wherein the warp members comprise chains of loops formed by warp knitting.
2. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of artificial grass fibers extend upwards at the intersections of the warp members with the weft members.
3. The hybrid turf support according to claim 2 wherein at each intersection a portion of the plurality of artificial grass fibers extend upwards.
4. The hybrid turf support according to claim 2 wherein at every second intersection a portion of the plurality of artificial grass fibers extend upwards.
5. The hybrid turf support according to claim 2 wherein at every third intersection a portion of the plurality of artificial grass fibers extend upwards.
6. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of artificial grass fibers are knitted into the warp members.
7. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 wherein the openings are substantially square-shaped.
8. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 wherein the intervals between the warp members and the intervals between the weft members are uniform.
9. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 wherein each artificial grass fiber has a length in the range from 20 mm to 80 mm.
10. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 wherein each artificial grass fiber comprises a synthetic fiber multi-filament comprising at least three mono-filaments having a single yarn thickness of 300 micron to 450 micron and a single yarn weight of 1800 denier to 3300 denier and a total yarn weight of 5400 denier to 19,800 denier.
11. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 further comprising a coating to stabilise the knitted reticulated support.
12. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 further comprising a retention backing.
13. The hybrid turf support according to claim 1 further comprising a removable root-pruning backing.
14. The hybrid turf support of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an area of the plurality of artificial grass fibers to a total area of the hybrid turf support is 2% to 7%.
15. A hybrid turf system comprising the hybrid turf support according to claim 1 and natural turf.
16. A hybrid turf system comprising:
(a) a surface adapted for supporting a turf surface;
(b) a hybrid turf support according to claim 1 ;
(c) a layer of growth media located on the hybrid turf support; and
(d) a plurality of natural grass plants or precursors thereof wherein the roots extend downwardly through the layer of growth media and the hybrid turf support, and wherein some of the roots engage with the hybrid turf support.
17. A method of creating a hybrid turf system comprising a hybrid turf support according to claim 1 and natural turf, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) placing a hybrid turf support according to claim 1 on a surface adapted for supporting a turf surface located at a growth site; and
(b) placing on the hybrid turf support a layer of growth media and natural grass seeds, sprigs or plants to form the natural turf.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising (c) cutting the hybrid turf system into one or more strips of a predetermined width and (d) moving the strips of the hybrid turf system to a target site.
19. The method of claim 17 farther comprising removing a removable root-pruning backing from the turf system between the cutting and moving steps to prune the roots of natural grass plants extending through the removable root-pruning backing.
20. A method for removing a hybrid turf system comprising growth media, natural turf and the hybrid turf support according to claim 1 from a site, comprising:
(a) cutting the hybrid turf system into one or more strips of a predetermined width; and
(b) separating the cut strip of hybrid turf from a base at a separation station for separating the natural turf and the growth media from the hybrid turf support, and
(c) collecting the separated hybrid turf support back to the base and the mixture of natural turf and growth media for reuse or recycling.
21. A hybrid turf support for use with natural grass to form a stable hybrid turf system, the hybrid turf support comprising:
(a) a knitted reticulated support comprising:
(i) a plurality of warp members oriented in a longitudinal direction;
(ii) a first plurality of weft members, each first weft member comprising at least four portions (A), (B), (C), and (D), wherein:
portion (A) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with a first warp member; portion (B) is oriented in a lateral direction between the first warp member and a second warp member; portion (C) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with the second warp member; and portion (D) is oriented in the lateral direction between the second warp member and a third warp member; and
(iii) a second plurality of weft members, each second weft member comprising at least four portions (E), (F), (G), and (H), wherein:
portion (E) is oriented in the lateral direction between the first warp member and the second warp member; portion (F) is oriented in the longitudinal direction between the second warp member and the third warp member; portion (G) is oriented in the lateral direction between the second warp member and the third warp member; and portion (H) is oriented in the longitudinal direction and is interlaced with the third warp member,
wherein the first plurality of weft members and the second plurality of weft members extend in opposing step-wise progressions;
wherein the plurality of warp members intersects with the first and the second plurality of weft members to form an intersection to define a plurality of substantially square-shaped openings suitable for natural grass to grow; and
wherein the weft members are anchored at each end to at least one of the warp members; and
(b) a plurality of artificial grass fibers extending upwards at the intersections of the warp members and the weft members, the artificial grass fibers comprising groups of fibers extending upwardly at substantially uniform intervals,
wherein each artificial grass fiber has a top which protrudes and extends upward from the knitted reticulated support, and a bottom fixed to the knitted reticulated support;
wherein the plurality of artificial grass fibers is knitted into the plurality of warp member; and
wherein the warp members comprise chains of loops formed by warp knitting.
22. The hybrid turf support of claim 21 , wherein a ratio of an area of the plurality of artificial grass fibers to a total area of the hybrid turf support is 2% to 7%.
23. A hybrid turf system comprising the hybrid turf support according to claim 21 and natural turf.