Methods of refining natural oil feedstocks
Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise hydrogenating the olefins under conditions sufficient to form a fuel composition. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product.
1. A method of producing a fuel composition comprising:
providing (a) a feedstock comprising natural oil glycerides, and (b) low-molecular-weight olefins;
reacting the natural oil glycerides with the low-molecular-weight olefins in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form a metathesized product comprising metathesized olefins and metathesized esters;
hydrogenating the metathesized product to form a hydrogenated composition comprising hydrogenated metathesized olefins and hydrogenated metathesized esters; and
separating at least a portion of the hydrogenated metathesized olefins from hydrogenated composition to form a fuel composition.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isomerizing the fuel composition, which comprises normal-paraffin compounds, wherein a fraction of normal-paraffin compounds in the fuel composition are isomerized into iso-paraffin compounds.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel comprises C 18+ heavy compounds, and further comprising separating the C 18+ heavy compounds from the fuel composition to form a separated stream comprising C 18+ heavy compounds, the separated stream having a majority of hydrocarbons with carbon numbers of at least 18.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the low-molecular-weight olefins comprise olefins selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene, and combinations thereof.