Air-free cap end design for corona ignition system
A corona igniter assembly including an ignition coil assembly, a firing end assembly, and a dielectric compliant member is provided. The dielectric compliant member is compressed between a high voltage insulator of the ignition coil assembly and a ceramic insulator of the firing end assembly. During assembly of the corona igniter assembly, the dielectric compliant member pushes air outwards and forms a hermetic seal between the high voltage insulator and the ceramic insulation. The dielectric compliant member can have a rounded upper surface, which may improve the hermetic seal. Alternatively, or in addition to the rounded surface on the dielectric compliant member, the lower surface of the high voltage insulator can be rounded to push air outwards during assembly and provide a hermetic seal.
1. A corona igniter assembly, comprising:
an ignition coil assembly including a high voltage insulator formed of an insulating material;
a firing end assembly spaced from said ignition coil assembly, said firing end assembly including a ceramic insulator formed of a ceramic material;
a dielectric compliant member compressed between said high voltage insulator and said ceramic insulator to provide a hermetic seal therebetween;
said dielectric compliant member extending from an upper surface engaging said high voltage insulator to a bottom surface engaging said ceramic insulator, and said upper surface of said dielectric compliant member being rounded;
a high voltage electrode extending longitudinally through a bore of said high voltage insulator, said dielectric compliant member, and a portion of a bore of said ceramic insulator;
a semi-conductive sleeve disposed in said bore of said ceramic insulator and surrounding said high voltage electrode; and
said semi-conductive sleeve extending continuously and uninterrupted along interfaces between said high voltage insulator, said dielectric compliant member, and ceramic insulator.
2. The corona ignition assembly of claim 1 , wherein said dielectric compliant member is formed of silicon paste or injected molded silicon.
3. The corona ignition assembly of claim 1 , wherein said ceramic material of said ceramic insulator is different from said insulating material of said high voltage insulator.
4. The corona ignition assembly of claim 3 , wherein said high voltage insulator is formed of rubber or plastic material.
5. The corona ignition assembly of claim 1 , wherein said semi-conductive sleeve is formed from a semi-conductive and compliant material different from said dielectric compliant member.
6. The corona ignition assembly of claim 1 including glue applied to and filling any voids along an interface between said dielectric compliant member and said ceramic insulator.
7. The corona igniter assembly of claim 1 , wherein said ignition coil assembly includes an ignition coil extension, said ignition coil extension including a plurality of windings receiving energy from a power source and generating a high radio frequency and high voltage electric field;
said ignition coil assembly includes a coil output member for transferring energy to said firing end assembly;
said high voltage electrode is surrounded by said high voltage insulator, said high voltage electrode receiving energy from said coil output member and transferring the energy to said firing end assembly;
said high voltage insulator is formed of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CLTE) which is greater than a coefficient of thermal expansion (CLTE) of said ceramic insulator;
said firing end assembly includes a central electrode for receiving energy from said high voltage electrode;
said central electrode including a crown at a firing end, said crown including a plurality of branches extending radially outwardly for distributing a radio frequency electric field and forming a corona discharge;
said ceramic insulator of said firing end assembly extends from an insulator end wall to an insulator firing end adjacent said crown of said central electrode;
said ceramic insulator includes an insulator bore receiving said central electrode, and said crown is disposed outwardly of said insulator firing end;
said firing end assembly includes an electrical terminal received in said bore of said ceramic insulator and extending from said central electrode toward said high voltage electrode;
said firing end assembly includes a metal shell surrounding said central electrode and said ceramic insulator;
said firing end assembly includes a brass pack disposed in said bore of said ceramic insulator to electrically connect said high voltage electrode and said electrical terminal;
said firing end assembly includes a spring disposed between said brass pack and said high voltage electrode for allowing said high voltage electrode to float in said bore of said high voltage insulator;
said semi-conductive sleeve surrounds said spring;
said semi-conductive sleeve extending continuously and uninterrupted from said coil output member to said brass pack;
said semi-conductive sleeve being formed from silicone rubber with a conductive filler;
said dielectric compliant member is formed of silicon paste or injected molded silicon and provides an axial compliance which compensates for the differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between said ceramic insulator and said high voltage insulator;
said dielectric compliant member includes a bottom surface which is flat and attached to an insulator end wall of said ceramic insulator;
said upper surface of said dielectric compliant member having a spherical radius;
said firing end assembly includes a glue applied to and filling any voids along an interface between said bottom surface of said dielectric compliant member and said insulator end wall of said ceramic insulator, said glue being formed of silicon; and
further including a metal shield coupling said metal shell of said firing end assembly to said ignition coil extension of said ignition coil assembly.
8. A corona igniter assembly, comprising:
an ignition coil assembly including a high voltage insulator formed of an insulating material;
a firing end assembly spaced from said ignition coil assembly, said firing end assembly including a ceramic insulator formed of a ceramic material;
a dielectric compliant member compressed between a lower surface of said high voltage insulator and an upper surface of said ceramic insulator to provide a hermetic seal therebetween;
said lower surface of said high voltage insulator being rounded;
a high voltage electrode extending longitudinally through a bore of said high voltage insulator, said dielectric compliant member, and a portion of a bore of said ceramic insulator;
a semi-conductive sleeve disposed in said bore of said ceramic insulator and surrounding said high voltage electrode; and
said semi-conductive sleeve extending continuously and uninterrupted along interfaces between said high voltage insulator, said dielectric compliant member, and ceramic insulator.
9. The corona ignition assembly of claim 8 , wherein said dielectric compliant member is formed of silicon paste or injected molded silicon.
10. The corona igniter assembly of claim 8 , wherein said ceramic material of said ceramic insulator is different from said insulating material of said high voltage insulator.
11. The corona ignition assembly of claim 10 , wherein said high voltage insulator is formed of rubber or plastic material.
12. The corona ignition assembly of claim 8 , wherein said semi-conductive sleeve is formed from a semi-conductive and compliant material different from said dielectric compliant member.
13. The corona ignition assembly of claim 8 including glue applied to and filling any voids along an interface between said dielectric compliant member and said ceramic insulator.
14. The corona igniter assembly of claim 8 , wherein said ignition coil assembly includes an ignition coil extension, said ignition coil extension including a plurality of windings receiving energy from a power source and generating a high radio frequency and high voltage electric field;
said ignition coil assembly includes a coil output member for transferring energy to said firing end assembly;
said high voltage electrode is surrounded by said high voltage insulator, said high voltage electrode receiving energy from said coil output member and transferring the energy to said firing end assembly;
said high voltage insulator is formed of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CLTE) which is greater than a coefficient of thermal expansion (CLTE) of said ceramic insulator;
said lower surface of said high voltage insulator having a spherical radius;
said firing end assembly includes a central electrode for receiving energy from said high voltage electrode;
said central electrode including a crown at a firing end, said crown including a plurality of branches extending radially outwardly for distributing a radio frequency electric field and forming a corona discharge;
said ceramic insulator of said firing end assembly extends from an insulator end wall to an insulator firing end adjacent said crown of said central electrode;
said ceramic insulator includes an insulator bore receiving said central electrode, and said crown is disposed outwardly of said insulator firing end;
said firing end assembly includes an electrical terminal received in said bore of said ceramic insulator and extending from said central electrode toward said high voltage electrode;
said firing end assembly includes a metal shell surrounding said central electrode and said ceramic insulator;
said firing end assembly includes a brass pack disposed in said bore of said ceramic insulator to electrically connect said high voltage electrode and said electrical terminal;
said firing end assembly includes a spring disposed between said brass pack and said high voltage electrode for allowing said high voltage electrode to float in said bore of said high voltage insulator;
said semi-conductive sleeve surrounds said spring;
said semi-conductive sleeve extending continuously and uninterrupted from said coil output member to said brass pack;
said semi-conductive sleeve being formed from silicone rubber with a conductive filler;
said dielectric compliant member is formed of silicon paste or injected molded silicon and provides an axial compliance which compensates for the differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between said ceramic insulator and said high voltage insulator;
said dielectric compliant member includes a bottom surface which is flat and attached to an insulator end wall of said ceramic insulator;
said dielectric compliant member includes an upper surface which is flat and engages said rounded lower surface of said high voltage insulator;
said firing end assembly includes a glue applied to and filling any voids along an interface between said bottom surface of said dielectric compliant member and said insulator end wall of said ceramic insulator, said glue being formed of silicon; and
further including a metal shield coupling said metal shell of said firing end assembly to said ignition coil extension of said ignition coil assembly.