Manufacturing display panels with integrated micro lens array
Various embodiments include a display panel with integrated micro lens array. The display panel typically includes an array of pixel light sources (e.g., LEDs) electrically coupled to corresponding pixel driver circuits (e.g., FETs). The array of micro lenses are aligned to the pixel light sources and positioned to reduce the divergence of light produced by the pixel light sources. The display panel may also include an integrated optical spacer to maintain the positioning between the micro lenses and pixel driver circuits.
1. A method for fabricating a display panel with an integrated micro lens array, comprising:
providing an array of pixel light sources and an array of pixel driver circuits integrated on a substrate, wherein the array of pixel driver circuits is electrically coupled to the array of pixel light sources; and
fabricating an array of micro lenses on to the substrate, the array of micro lenses aligned to the pixel light sources and positioned to reduce a divergence of light produced by the pixel light sources, wherein fabricating the array of micro lenses on the substrate comprises:
depositing a photo-sensitive polymer layer above the array of pixel light sources;
patterning the photo-sensitive polymer layer into isolated cells; and
applying a high temperature reflow process to the isolated cells to form the array of micro lenses.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the array of pixel light sources is an array of LEDs.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the display panel is a multi-color display panel, and the array of pixel light sources includes pixel light sources with different emission wavelengths.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a brightness of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the display panel, is at least three times greater with the array of micro lenses than without the array of micro lenses.
5. A method for fabricating a display panel with an integrated micro lens array, comprising:
providing an array of pixel light sources and an array of pixel driver circuits integrated on a substrate, wherein the array of pixel driver circuits is electrically coupled to the array of pixel light sources; and
fabricating an array of micro lenses on to the substrate, the array of micro lenses aligned to the pixel light sources and positioned to reduce a divergence of light produced by the pixel light sources, wherein fabricating the array of micro lenses on the substrate comprises:
depositing a photo-sensitive polymer layer above the array of pixel light sources;
photolithographically exposing the photo-sensitive polymer layer with a grayscale exposure pattern; and
developing the exposed photo-sensitive polymer layer to form the array of micro lenses.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the array of pixel light sources is an array of LEDs.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the display panel is a multi-color display panel, and the array of pixel light sources includes pixel light sources with different emission wavelengths.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein a brightness of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the display panel, is at least three times greater with the array of micro lenses than without the array of micro lenses.
9. A method for fabricating a display panel with an integrated micro lens array, comprising:
providing an array of pixel light sources and an array of pixel driver circuits integrated on a substrate, wherein the array of pixel driver circuits is electrically coupled to the array of pixel light sources; and
fabricating an array of micro lenses on to the substrate, the array of micro lenses aligned to the pixel light sources and positioned to reduce a divergence of light produced by the pixel light sources, wherein fabricating the array of micro lenses on the substrate comprises:
depositing a polymer layer above the array of pixel light sources; and
applying a mold of the array of micro lenses to the polymer layer to form the array of micro lenses.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the array of pixel light sources is an array of LEDs.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the display panel is a multi-color display panel, and the array of pixel light sources includes pixel light sources with different emission wavelengths.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein a brightness of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the display panel, is at least three times greater with the array of micro lenses than without the array of micro lenses.
13. A method for fabricating a display panel with an integrated micro lens array, comprising:
providing an array of pixel light sources and an array of pixel driver circuits integrated on a substrate, wherein the array of pixel driver circuits is electrically coupled to the array of pixel light sources; and
fabricating an array of micro lenses on to the substrate, the array of micro lenses aligned to the pixel light sources and positioned to reduce a divergence of light produced by the pixel light sources, wherein fabricating the array of micro lenses on the substrate comprises:
depositing a polymer layer above the array of pixel light sources;
depositing a precursor layer above the polymer layer;
processing the precursor layer to form a precursor for the micro lens array shape; and
dry etching the precursor and polymer layers, to transfer the micro lens array shape from the precursor layer to the polymer layer.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the array of pixel light sources is an array of LEDs.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the display panel is a multi-color display panel, and the array of pixel light sources includes pixel light sources with different emission wavelengths.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein a brightness of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the display panel, is at least three times greater with the array of micro lenses than without the array of micro lenses.
17. A method for fabricating a display panel with an integrated micro lens array, comprising:
providing an array of pixel light sources and an array of pixel driver circuits integrated on a substrate, wherein the array of pixel driver circuits is electrically coupled to the array of pixel light sources; and
fabricating an array of micro lenses on to the substrate, the array of micro lenses aligned to the pixel light sources and positioned to reduce a divergence of light produced by the pixel light sources, wherein the array of pixel light sources are fabricated using epitaxial layers, and the array of micro lenses are fabricated into the epitaxial layers.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the array of pixel light sources is an array of LEDs.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the display panel is a multi-color display panel, and the array of pixel light sources includes pixel light sources with different emission wavelengths.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein a brightness of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the display panel, is at least three times greater with the array of micro lenses than without the array of micro lenses.