Plasma reactor for liquid and gas
A system for performing treatment of a liquid by ionized gas comprises a laminar flow liquid gas plasma reactor. The plasma reactor includes electrodes, an upper and lower flow spreader, and a housing. The reactor uses gas to form a gas zone above the liquid where the gas is ionized directly above and in direct contact with the liquid. The ionized gas reacts with the liquid to form an effluent.
1. A laminar flow plasma reactor comprising:
a housing including a reactor chamber internal to the housing;
an electric field generator including a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from said first electrode and configured to generate an electric field therebetween, wherein the first electrode is dielectrically isolated by a dielectric element, and wherein said electrodes are positioned in said reactor chamber;
an upper flow spreader to supply a stream of gas to the reactor chamber, the upper flow spreader positioned within the reactor chamber concentrically with the first electrode;
a lower flow spreader to supply a stream of liquid to the reactor chamber, the lower flow spreader positioned within the reactor chamber concentrically with the first and second electrodes and the upper flow spreader, wherein the stream of liquid and the stream of gas flow adjacent one another radially outward from a center of the reactor chamber and pass through the electric field;
a gas source to supply a flow of gas to the reactor at an equal or higher pressure than the pressure in the reactor chamber; and
an alignment rod extending through the lower flow spreader, the upper flow spreader and the dielectric element.
2. The laminar flow plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein said alignment rod is electrically conductive.
3. The laminar flow plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein said alignment rod is configured to convey the gas from the reactor exterior to the interior.
4. The laminar flow plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the upper flow spreader is cylindrical in shape with a circumference, a circumferential sidewall, a top surface and an outward extending flange at one end thereof wherein the stream of gas flows along the top surface.
5. The laminar flow plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein said lower flow spreader is cylindrical in shape with a circumference and a circumferential sidewall such that a sidewall of the upper flow spreader is positioned within the sidewall of the lower flow spreader and the stream of liquid flows between the two sidewalls.
6. The laminar flow plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the lower flow spreader is the second electrode.
7. The laminar flow plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the lower flow spreader contains the second electrode dielectrically isolated from the reactor chamber.
8. The plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the second electrode is located remotely from the lower flow spreader.
9. The plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the first electrode is separated into more than one electrode.
10. The plasma reactor of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is annular in shape and is positioned above the lower flow spreader and extends inward over the upper flow spreader.
11. The plasma reactor of claim 1 , wherein the first and second electrodes ionize the gas to create a plasma adjacent to the liquid when driven by an appropriate external electrical source.
12. The plasma reactor in claim 1 wherein a pre-ionization electrode is positioned over the upper flow spreader and dielectrically isolated from the first electrode.
13. The plasma reactor of claim 12 wherein the pre-ionization electrode, the second electrode and the upper flow spreader ionize the gas to create a plasma adjacent to the upper flow spreader when driven by an appropriate external electrical source.
14. The plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the pre-ionization electrode is separated into more than one electrode.
15. The plasma reactor of claim 1 wherein the pre-ionization electrode, the second electrode and the upper flow spreader ionize the gas to create a plasma adjacent to the upper flow spreader when driven by an appropriate external electrical source.
16. The plasma reactor of claim 1 , wherein the gas and liquid exit the chamber at a bottom of the reactor chamber.