Port edge shape with continuous curvature for improved ring-port interaction and flow area
A port opening edge shape for a port in a cylinder of an opposed-piston combustion engine is optimized for flow area, as well as for minimization of piston ring clipping. The port opening edge shape includes a top edge, a bottom edge, a first and second side edge connecting the top and bottom edge, and an apex in the top edge. The apex has the minimum radius of curvature of the port opening edge shape. A spline that defines the port opening edge shape can be calculated based upon a maximum height, a full width, an amount or degree of skew, and a minimum radius of curvature. A model can measure values for engine performance and determine which spline defines a port opening edge shape yields a desired engine performance.
1. A port opening edge shape for a port in a cylinder of an opposed-piston combustion engine, the cylinder including a bore surface and a sidewall, the port comprising at least one array of circumferentially-spaced port openings near an end of the cylinder, each port opening extending from the bore through the sidewall and having the port edge shape at the bore surface, the port opening edge shape comprising:
a top edge oriented toward a center portion of the cylinder;
a bottom edge oriented toward an end of the cylinder;
a first and second side edge connecting the top edge and the bottom edge; and
an apex located along the top edge, the apex comprising a minimum radius of curvature equal to or greater than a minimum radius for the port opening edge shape,
wherein the port opening edge shape comprises curvature continuity.
2. A port opening edge shape for a port in a cylinder of an opposed-piston combustion engine, the cylinder including a bore surface and a sidewall, the port comprising at least one array of circumferentially-spaced port openings near an end of the cylinder, each port opening extending from the bore through the sidewall and having the port edge shape at the bore surface, the port opening edge shape comprising:
a top edge oriented toward a center portion of the cylinder;
a bottom edge oriented toward an end of the cylinder;
a first and second side edge connecting the top edge and the bottom edge; and
an apex located along the top, the apex comprising a minimum radius of curvature equal to or greater than a minimum radius for the port opening edge shape,
wherein the port opening edge shape is defined by a spline bound by:
a predefined maximum port opening height;
a predefined port opening full width;
a minimum radius of curvature for any point along the spline; and
curvature continuity along the spline.
3. A cylinder of an opposed-piston combustion engine, the cylinder comprising:
a sidewall;
a bore surface; and
a port comprising at least one array of circumferentially-spaced port openings near an end of the cylinder, each port opening extending from the bore, through the sidewall, and having a port opening edge shape according to either claim 1 or claim 2 , the port opening edge shape being at the bore surface.
4. An opposed-piston combustion engine comprising a cylinder, the cylinder comprising:
a sidewall;
a bore surface; and
a port comprising at least one array of circumferentially-spaced port openings near an end of the cylinder, each port opening extending from the bore, through the sidewall, and having a port opening edge shape according to either claim 1 or claim 2 , the port opening edge shape being at the bore surface.
5. A port in a cylinder of an opposed-piston combustion engine, the cylinder including a bore surface and a sidewall, the port comprising at least one array of circumferentially-spaced port openings near an end of the cylinder, each port opening extending from the bore through the sidewall and having a port opening edge shape at the bore surface according to either claim 1 or claim 2 .