HEATING APPARATUS WITH CONTROLLED THERMAL CONTACT
A heater assembly is provided having a configuration to promote more uniform heating and temperature distribution to the heating surface. A heater assembly as disclosed herein comprises a bottom plate comprising a heating element and a top plate having an upper surface for heating a substrate and a lower surface that contacts the bottom plate. The upper plate is provide such that the lower surface has a surface topography such that the contact points between the upper plate and the lower plate.
1 . A heating apparatus comprising:
a bottom plate comprising a heating element, the base plate defining an upper surface; and
a top plate disposed over the base plate, the top plate having (i) an upper surface to support a substrate to be heated, and (ii) a lower surface, wherein the upper surface of the bottom plate or the lower surface of the top plate comprises a surface topography defining a plurality of contact points and a plurality of non-contact areas with the other plate.
2 . The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the surface topography is defined by a plurality of projections extending from the bottom surface of the top plate.
3 . The heating apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of projections are chosen from a cylinder, a cone, a pyramid, a truncated pyramid, a ring, or a combination of two or more thereof.
4 . The heating apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of projections are chosen from a plurality of rings.
5 . The heating apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the rings each have a different circumference, and the rings are disposed in a nested arrangement, the non-contact areas defined by the space between adjacent rings.
6 . The heating apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the rings are in the shape of a triangle, a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, or an octagon.
7 . The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the rings are in the shape of the circle.
8 . The apparatus of claim 4 , comprising 2-20 rings.
9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bottom plate further comprises a thermally conductive material disposed therein.
10 . The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the insert is chosen from a graphite material.
11 . The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the graphite material is chosen from a thermal pyrolytic graphite material.
12 . The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the thermal pyrolytic graphite material is metalized on its surfaces.
13 . The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a thermally conductive material disposed in at least a portion of the non-contact regions.
14 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are formed from a material independently chosen from a metal, a metal alloy, or a ceramic material.
15 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are formed from a metal chosen from aluminum, iron, copper, nickel, titanium, indium, magnesium, tin, silver, or zinc.
16 . A method of making a heater apparatus comprising:
associating (i) a top plate defining an upper surface for supporting a substrate and a lower surface with (ii) a bottom plate having an upper surface and a heating element disposed within the top plate, wherein a surface interface is provided between the top plate and the bottom plate defining a plurality of contact points and non-contact areas.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of contact points and non-contact areas are provided by a surface topography defined on the lower surface of the top plate or the upper surface of the bottom plate.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the surface topography is defined by a plurality of projections.
19 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the surface topography is provided by machining, etching, or stamping.
20 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are mechanically fastened to one another.
21 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the contact points and the non-contact areas are provided by:
providing the upper surface of the bottom plate with a brazing material;
providing the lower surface of the top plate with a plurality of projections; and
heating the unit so as to cause the plurality of projections to bond with the upper surface of the top plate.
22 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the bottom plate and the top plate comprise a metal chosen from aluminum, iron, copper, nickel, titanium, indium, magnesium, tin, silver, or zinc.
23 . A heating apparatus comprising:
a bottom plate comprising a heating element, the bottom plate being formed from an aluminum material and defining an upper surface and comprising a thermal conducting material; and
a top plate disposed over the bottom plate, the top plate being formed from an aluminum material and having (i) an upper surface to support a substrate to be heated, and (ii) a lower surface, wherein the lower surface of the top plate comprises a surface topography defined by a plurality of projections, the projections being arranged in a series of concentric rings extending radially from the center of the heating apparatus.