Signal select in underground line location
A transmitter and receiver for performing a signal select algorithm are provided. A transmitter for providing a signal on a line to be located includes at least one direct digital synthesizer, the direct digital synthesizer producing two component frequencies in response to an input square wave signal; and a feedback loop providing the input square wave.
1. A receiver of an underground line locator, comprising:
an antenna that provides an antenna signal based on a detected signal emitted from an underground line coupled to a transmitter when the antenna is placed over the underground line, the transmitter providing a bifurcated transmission signal having a first frequency and a second frequency to the underground line, the detected signal including a bifurcated first frequency and second frequency;
an analog filter that filters the antenna signal to generate a filtered signal;
an amplifier that amplifies the filtered signal to generate an amplified signal;
a CODEC that receives the amplified signal and provides a decoded signal; and
a digital signal processor that analyzes the decoded signal to generate a signal select signal that includes the bifurcated first frequency and second frequency, the digital signal processor including:
a demodulator to demodulate and downsample the decoded signal to receive an in-phase component and a quadrature component; and
a calculation that provides an intensity and a phase of a signal formed from the in-phase component and the quadrature component;
wherein the phase of the signal formed from the in-phase component and the quadrature component corresponds to a phase reference of a transmitted frequency shift keyed (FSK) signal;
wherein the digital signal processor provides a phase error function based on the in-phase component and the quadrature component.
2. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the digital signal processor provides a phase correction to correct for truncation and other accumulated errors during demodulation.
3. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the digital signal processor provides phase tracking.
4. A method of receiving a frequency modulated signal select signal emitted from an underground line, comprising:
receiving, by an antenna positioned over the underground line, a signal emitted from the underground line that is coupled to a transmitter, the transmitter providing a bifurcated transmission signal having a first frequency and a second frequency to the underground line, the signal being frequency modulated with a bifurcated first frequency and second frequency;
demodulating and downsampling, by a demodulator, the received signal to determine an in-phase component and a quadrature component;
determining, by a digital signal processor, a phase offset of the frequency modulated signal select signal based on the in-phase component and the quadrature component;
tracking, by the digital signal processor, the frequency modulated signal select signal based on the determined phase offset; and
providing a phase error function based on the in-phase component and the quadrature component.
5. A method of receiving a signal emitted from an underground line, comprising:
processing incoming signals from one or more antennas positioned over the underground line, the signals being emitted from the underground line coupled to a transmitter, the transmitter providing a bifurcated transmission signal having a first frequency and a second frequency to the underground line, the signal being frequency modulated with a bifurcated first frequency and second frequency;
demodulating, by a demodulator, a frequency shift keyed (FSK) signal select waveform from the incoming signals;
establishing, by a digital signal processor, a phase reference for a transmitter phase;
accessing, by the digital signal processor, a difference between the phase reference and a measured phase to provide a measure of a phase shift of the FSK signal select waveform;
tracking, by the digital signal processor, the signal from the underground line based on the measure of the phase shift; and
providing a phase correction to correct for truncation and other accumulated errors during the demodulating.
6. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the phase reference is determined irrespective of any phase shifts caused by reactive impedance of an underground conductor coupled to a transmitter of the detected signal.
7. The method of claim 4 , further comprising providing a phase correction to correct for truncation and other accumulated errors during demodulation.
8. The method of claim 4 , further comprising providing phase tracking.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the phase offset is determined irrespective of any phase shifts caused by reactive impedance of the underground line.
10. The method of claim 5 , wherein the phase shift is based on an in-phase component and a quadrature component of the incoming signals.
11. The method of claim 5 , further comprising providing a phase correction to correct for truncation and other accumulated errors during the demodulating.
12. The method of claim 5 , further comprising providing phase tracking.
13. The method of claim 5 , wherein the phase shift is determined irrespective of any phase shifts caused by reactive impedance of the underground line.
14. The receiver of claim 1 , further comprising a numeric synthesizer that generates a signal at a carrier frequency of the transmitted FSK signal.
15. The receiver of claim 14 , wherein the numeric synthesizer is a Thomas oscillator.
16. The receiver of claim 14 , wherein the digital signal processor further compensates for mathematical truncation in the numerical synthesizer.
17. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the digital signal processor further determines an average frequency of the transmitted FSK signal.
18. The method of claim 4 , further comprising determining, by the digital signal processor, an average frequency of the frequency modulated signal select signal.