Coaxial needle cannula with distal spiral mixer and side ports for fluid injection
Disclosed is a multi-lumen mixing device that includes a first and second lumen constructed and arranged to separately pass a first and second reagent to a mixing chamber in the device, where the mixing chamber includes a mixing feature that mixes the first and second reagents. The disclosed multi-lumen mixing device may also include a port in fluid communication with the reaction mixing to permit the product of the combined reagents to be injected into a patent.
1. A mixing injection device for use with a patient, the device comprising;
a needle having a tissue penetrating tip on a distal end and a first hub on a proximal end, the needle defining a first lumen fluidly coupling a needle side port to the first hub, wherein the first lumen is adapted to pass a first reagent between the first hub and the needle side port, wherein the needle is constructed from a rigid material having sufficient rigidity to open a path through tissue and wherein a distal end of the first lumen is either closed or substantially narrowed;
a cannula defining a second lumen, the cannula including a second hub and a cannula side port, wherein the second lumen is adapted to pass a second reagent between the second hub and the cannula side port, wherein the cannula is co-axially positioned inside the first lumen, wherein the second lumen terminates into the first lumen, and wherein the second lumen is occluded distally from the cannula side port;
a mixing element on the cannula positioned distally from the cannula side port and inside the first lumen, wherein the second reagent mixes with the first reagent after passing through the cannula side port into the first lumen and traversing along the mixing element, wherein the mixing element is located distally from where the second lumen terminates into the first lumen, and wherein the mixed first and second reagents are injected into the patient through the needle side port.
2. The mixing injection device of claim 1 , wherein the mixing element and the cannula are unitarily composed of a single piece.
3. The mixing injection device of claim 1 , wherein the mixing element is shaped from a distal portion of the cannula.
4. The mixing injection device of claim 1 , wherein a distal end of the cannula is substantially flattened to a generally planar condition along a longitudinal axis of the cannula and is twisted along the longitudinal axis of the cannula.
5. The mixing injection device of claim 1 , wherein the tissue penetrating needle tip is selected from the group comprising: a beveled cutting edge tip, a saw-toothed cutting edge tip, a pointed end tip, a trocar tip, and a pencil point tip.
6. The mixing injection device of claim 1 , wherein the needle is constructed of a metal.
7. The mixing injection device of claim 1 , wherein the cannula passes through the first hub and is rotatable relative to the needle and the first hub.
8. A method of mixing a first and second reagent using the claim 1 mixing injection device while injecting the first and second reagent into a target tissue in a patient's body, the method comprising:
penetrating the target tissue by cutting or burrowing through the target tissue with the tissue penetrating tip on the needle thereby creating a passage into the target issue;
after the needle has penetrated the target tissue and while the needle is in the target tissue, injecting the first reagent through the first lumen of the needle and the second reagent through the second lumen of a cannula that is co-axially positioned inside the first lumen to the cannula side port that passes the second reagent into the first lumen, wherein the first and second reagents traverse along the mixing element positioned inside the first lumen distally from the cannula side port thereby mixing the first and second reagents and forming a combined reagent, wherein the second reagent is fluidly isolated from the first reagent when the second reagent is in the second lumen; and
after the second reagent passes through the cannula side port and is mixed with the first reagent in the first lumen, ejecting the combined reagent out of the needle side port into the target tissue.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mixing element is a generally planar structure that has a twisted pattern along its longitudinal axis.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising ablating tissue by inserting the needle into the target tissue to be ablated, wherein the combined reagent generates an exothermic chemical reaction sufficient to ablate the target tissue.
11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising stabilizing a vertebra by inserting the needle into the vertebra, wherein the combined reagent is a bone cement.
12. The method of claim 8 , further comprising rotating the cannula relative to the needle while injecting the first and second reagents.
13. A system for mixing reagents during injection into a patient, the system comprising:
a first reservoir containing a first reagent;
a second reservoir containing a second reagent; and
the mixing injection device of claim 1 ,
wherein the first hub is fluidly coupled to the first reservoir; and
wherein the second hub is fluidly coupled to the second reservoir.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the first lumen defines a third reservoir longitudinally positioned between the mixing element and the cannula side port.
15. The system of claim 13 , wherein the mixing element is a generally planar structure that has a twisted pattern along its longitudinal axis.
16. The system of claim 13 , wherein the mixing element is shaped from a distal portion of the cannula.
17. The system of claim 13 , wherein the cannula passes through the first hub and the cannula is rotatable relative to the first hub and the needle.
18. The system of claim 13 , wherein the tissue penetrating tip is selected from a group comprising: a beveled cutting edge tip, a saw-toothed cutting edge tip, a pointed end tip, a trocar tip, and a pencil point tip.