Switching device for a wye-delta switch in a multiphase motor
A switching device, for a wye-delta switch in a multiphase motor each phase having one motor winding having a connection pair and contact device (CD), has an electromagnetic drive for drive axle movement between three axial positions, the CD having first and second motor winding connection contacts (MWCC), phase connection contact (PCC), and movable contact bridge (MCB) coupled to the drive axle and movable thereby into the three positions. In position- 1 , axially between positions- 2/3 , the MCB is open—no CC is connected to another CC by the MCB; in position- 2 , the MCB is in ‘wye’ contact position—the MCB connects the PCC to the first MWCC, and the second MWCC is connected to the second MWCC of all other CDs using the ‘wye’ coupled to the drive axle; and in position- 3 , the MCB is in a ‘delta’ contact position—the MCB connects the FCC to the first and second MWCC.
1. A switching device for a star-delta changeover in a multiphase motor including one motor winding per phase, each motor winding including a motor winding connector pair, the switching device comprising:
an electromagnetic drive configured to move a drive shaft between first, second, and third defined axial positions;
for each motor winding, a contact device including a first and a second motor winding connection contact, a phase connection contact, and a movable contact bridge, the movable contact bridge being coupled to the drive shaft and movable using the drive shaft into the three defined axial positions,
wherein, when the movable contact bridge is in the first defined axial position, the first position arranged axially between the second and third defined axial positions, the movable contact bridge is in an open position in which none of the connection contacts is electrically connected to another one of the connection contacts via the movable contact bridge,
wherein, when the movable contact bridge is in the second defined axial position, the movable contact bridge is in a star-contact position in which the movable contact bridge electrically connects the phase connection contact to the first motor winding connection contact, and the second motor winding connection contact is electrically connected to the second motor winding connection contacts of all other contact devices via a star contact coupled to the drive shaft, and
wherein, when the movable contact bridge is in the third defined axial position, the movable contact bridge is in a delta-contact position in which the movable contact bridge electrically connects the phase connection contact to the first and second motor winding connection contacts.
2. The switching device of claim 1 , wherein the contact device includes:
a first conductive contact arm configured to start from the first motor winding connection contact and configured to lead to a plane of the second defined axial position, which is a star-contact position, the first conductive contact arm being contacted by the movable contact bridge in the star-contact position;
a second conductive contact arm configured to start from the first motor winding connection contact and configured to lead to a plane of the third defined axial position, which is a delta-contact position, the second conductive contact arm being contacted by the movable contact bridge in the delta-contact position;
a third conductive contact arm configured to start from the phase connection contact and configured to lead to the plane of the star-contact position, the third conductive contact arm being contacted by the movable contact bridge in the star-contact position;
a fourth conductive contact arm configured to start from the phase connection contact and configured to lead to the plane of the delta-contact position, the fourth conductive contact arm being contacted by the movable contact bridge in the delta-contact position; and
a fifth conductive contact arm configured to start from the second motor winding connection contact and configured to lead to the plane of the delta-contact position, the fifth conductive contact arm being contacted by the movable contact bridge in the delta-contact position as well as by the star contact in the star-contact position.
3. The switching device of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic drive includes a movable permanent magnet coupled to the drive shaft, and a stationary electromagnet,
wherein, when the stationary electromagnet is in its de-energized state, the movable permanent magnet is held by springs in a first position such that the drive shaft is in the first defined axial position, and
wherein, when the stationary electromagnet is in its energized state, the movable permanent magnet is pressed, as a function of current direction, into a second or third position, counter to a force of the springs, against a stop or against poles of the stationary electromagnet, such that the drive shaft is in the second or third defined axial position.
4. The switching device of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic drive includes a movable electromagnet, coupled to the drive shaft, and a stationary electromagnet,
wherein, when the movable or stationary electromagnet is in its de-energized state, the movable electromagnet is held by springs in a first position such that the drive shaft is in the first defined axial position, and
wherein, when both electromagnets are in their energized state, the movable electromagnet is pressed, as a function of current direction, into a second or third position, counter to a force of the springs, against a stop or against poles of the stationary electromagnet, such that the drive shaft is in the second or third defined axial position.
5. The switching device of claim 4 , wherein the springs are in the form of electric feed lines configured to energize the movable electromagnet.
6. The switching device of claim 1 , wherein the contact device includes semiconductor switches installed between the movable contact bridge and the first and second motor winding connection contacts and the phase connection contact.