Electrocaloric device
The present disclosure is drawn to electrocaloric devices, methods of making electrocaloric integrated circuits, and methods of thermally cycling integrated circuits. The electrocaloric device can include an electrocaloric material having a solid solution of two or more components of BNT, BKT, BZT, BMgT, or BNiT. The electrocaloric material can have an ergodic transition temperature within a range of 50 C to 300 C. The device can also include electrodes associated with the electrocaloric material, as well as an electrical source to add or reduce electrical field between the electrodes across the electrocaloric material to generate heating or cooling relative to the ergodic transition temperature of the electrocaloric material.
1. An electrocaloric device, comprising:
an electrocaloric material comprising a solid solution of two or more components selected from the group consisting of Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT), Bi 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 (BKT), BiZn 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BZT), BiMg 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BMgT), and BiNi 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BNiT), wherein the solid solution of the electrocaloric material includes one of the following formulas: xBNiT-yBKT, xBNiT-yBNT, xBMgT-yBKT, xBMgT-yBNT, and xBZT-yBNT, where x+y=1 and x≤0.25;
electrodes associated with the electrocaloric material; and
an electrical source to add or reduce electrical field between the electrodes across the electrocaloric material to generate cooling relative to the ergodic transition temperature of the electrocaloric material.
2. The electrocaloric device of claim 1 , wherein the electrocaloric device is part of a multilayer film stack or bulk device within an integrated circuit.
3. The electrocaloric device of claim 2 , wherein the integrated circuit includes an electrical feature, and the electrocaloric material is in thermal communication with the electrical feature for thermally cooling the electrical feature.
4. The electrocaloric device of claim 3 , wherein the electrical feature also acts as one of the electrodes for the electrocaloric material.
5. The electrocaloric device of claim 1 , further comprising an attachment mechanism or adhesive for attaching the electrocaloric device to an integrated circuit.
6. The electrocaloric device of claim 1 , wherein the electrocaloric material has an ergodic transition temperature within the range of 80° C. to 200° C.
7. The electrocaloric device of claim 1 , wherein the electrocaloric material has an ergodic transition temperature within a range of 50° C. to 300° C.
8. An electrocaloric device, comprising:
an electrocaloric material comprising a solid solution of two or more components selected from the group consisting of Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT), Bi 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 (BKT), BiZn 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BZT), BiMg 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BMgT), and BiNi 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BNiT), wherein the electrocaloric material comprises a solid solution of three components selected from the group consisting of BNT, BKT, BZT, BMgT, and BNiT based on one of the following formulas: xBNiT-yBKT-zBNT, and xBMgT-yBKT-zBNT, where x+y+z=1, 0<x<0.25, 0.01<y<0.99, and 0.01<z<0.99;
electrodes associated with the electrocaloric material; and
an electrical source to add or reduce electrical field between the electrodes across the electrocaloric material to generate cooling relative to the ergodic transition temperature of the electrocaloric material.