Semiconductor image sensor with integrated pixel heating and method of operating a semiconductor image sensor
The semiconductor image sensor comprises a plurality of pixels ( 1 ) with photo sensors ( 2 ). At least one heater ( 4 ) is integrated with the photo sensors and is arranged in at least one of the pixels or in the vicinity of at least one of the pixels. An appropriate operation of the heater will increase the temperature of the relevant pixel. Thus it is possible to achieve a local compensation of a temperature difference that may be due to the operation of an integrated readout circuit ( 3 ) or any other integrated component generating heat.
1. A semiconductor image sensor comprising:
a semiconductor body or substrate;
a plurality of pixels, each pixel being provided with a photo sensor having a temperature, each of the photo sensors comprising a photodiode or cluster of photodiodes integrated in the semiconductor body or substrate;
at least one heater integrated with the photo sensors;
the pixels forming an array provided for producing a picture, the at least one heater being arranged in at least one of the pixels or in the vicinity of at least one of the pixels, so that an operation of the at least one heater increases the temperature of the photo sensor of the pixel; and
at least one integrated readout circuit, the at least one heater being arranged between the photo sensor of the pixel and the at least one integrated readout circuit,
wherein the at least one heater is arranged in the vicinity of the at least one integrated readout circuit, to substitute or supplement generation of heat by the at least one integrated readout circuit with generation of heat by the at least one heater.
2. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , further comprising:
each further one of the pixels being provided with a further integrated readout circuit and with a further heater arranged between the further integrated readout circuit and the photo sensor of the respective further one of the pixels.
3. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , wherein the heater extends in at least one further pixel or in the vicinity of at least one further pixel.
4. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , wherein at least a further one of the pixels is provided with a further heater, which is arranged in the further one of the pixels or in the vicinity of the further one of the pixels.
5. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , wherein the heater is formed by a plurality of individual heaters, which are arranged in the at least one of the pixels or in the vicinity of the at least one of the pixels.
6. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 5 , wherein the individual heaters surround the photo sensor of the at least one of the pixels.
7. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , further comprising:
an integrated temperature sensor.
8. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 7 , wherein the integrated temperature sensor is arranged in the vicinity of one of the photo sensors.
9. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 7 , further comprising:
further integrated temperature sensors, the integrated temperature sensor and each of further integrated temperature sensors being arranged in the vicinity of a respective one of the photo sensors.
10. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , further comprising:
through-substrate vias electrically connected with the photo sensors.
11. The semiconductor image sensor of claim 1 , further comprising:
through-substrate vias electrically connected with the at least one heater.