Culture method and cell cluster
The present invention provides a culture method for culturing, in recesses ( 10 ), a population including two or more cells including a cell derived from a stem cell and a mesenchymal cell. The cell derived from a stem cell is a cell obtained by differentiating a stem cell in vitro. The cell is a cell of one or more types selected from the group consisting of an endodermal cell, an ectodermal cell, and a mesodermal cell. The population is cultured in the recesses ( 10 ) together with a vascular cell or a secretor factor. Each recess ( 10 ) includes a space in which cells are movable. When a volume of the space is represented by V mm 3 and the number of mesenchymal cells seeded in the space is represented by N, V is 400 or less and N/V is in a range from 35 to 3000.
1. A culture method comprising:
three-dimensionally culturing a population including two or more cells in an area, the population including at least one cell derived from a stem cell wherein the stem cell is selected from the group consisting of an undifferentiated endodermal cell, an undifferentiated ectodermal cell, and an undifferentiated mesodermal cell; and at least one mesenchymal cell, wherein:
the area is formed of a microchamber comprising:
a bottom portion including a space in which cells are movable, the space having a hemispherical shape;
an opening portion having a horn shape formed with a tapered wall;
a boundary portion where the bottom portion and the opening portion are in contact, the boundary portion having a diameter; and
a culture surface in contact with the cells, and the culture surface is coated with a polymer selected from the group consisting of a phospholipid, a phospholipid-polymer complex, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), polyvinyl alcohol, agarose, chitosan, polyethyleneglycol, and albumin, or a combination thereof, wherein
the bottom portion has a height equal to half of the diameter of the boundary portion, and the opening has a height equal to or smaller than the height of the bottom portion; and
when the space has a volume of V mm 3 and the number of the mesenchymal cells seeded in the space is represented by N, the V is equal to or less than 400 and N/V is in a range from 35 to 3000.
2. The culture method according to claim 1 , further comprising performing the three-dimensional culture of the population together with at least one of: a vascular cell; a factor autonomously secreted from a vascular cell; or a factor secreted from a vascular cell due to the presence of both a vascular cell and a mesenchymal cell.
3. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the number of the mesenchymal cells to a total number of cells used for culture is 0.5% or more but less than 5%.
4. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein the population includes a cell number X of the cells derived from a stem cell and a cell number Y of the mesenchymal cells, and the X:Y is in a range from 20:1 to 100:1.
5. The culture method according to claim 4 , wherein
the N/V is in a range from 100 to 300,
the X:Y is in a range from 20:1 to 50:1,
the V is equal to or less than 1, and
when an equivalent diameter of the microchamber is represented by E and a depth of the microchamber is represented by D, E:D is in a range from 1:0.5 to 1:1.
6. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein a cell cluster obtained by the three-dimensional culture is an organ bud.
7. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein a cell cluster obtained by the three-dimensional culture has a spheroid shape, and the cell cluster having the spheroid shape has a diameter in a range from 20 μm to 2 mm.
8. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein the cell derived from a stem cell is derived from a fetal stem cell or an induced pluripotent stem cell.
9. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein
the cell derived from a stem cell is derived from an induced pluripotent stem cell, and
the cell derived from a stem cell is an endodermal cell.
10. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein
an equivalent diameter of the microchamber is in a range from 20 μm to 2.5 mm, and
a depth of the microchamber is in a range from 20 μm to 1000 μm.
11. The culture method according to claim 10 , wherein
the tapered wall has a taper angle in a range from 1 to 20 degrees, and
a plurality of the microchambers are arranged on a bottom of a well, wherein the opening portion with the tapered wall supports transferring cells from the bottom portion of the microchamber into the well.
12. The culture method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer is poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA).
13. A culture method comprising three-dimensionally culturing a population including two or more cells in an area, the population including a cell number X of a liver endodermal cell, a vascular endothelial cell, and a cell number Y of a mesenchymal cell, wherein:
the area is formed of a microchamber comprising:
a bottom portion including a space in which cells are movable, the space having a hemispherical shape;
an opening portion having a horn shape formed with a tapered wall;
a boundary portion where the bottom portion and the opening portion are in contact, the boundary portion having a diameter; and
a culture surface in contact with the cells, and the culture surface is coated with a polymer selected from the group consisting of a phospholipid, a phospholipid-polymer complex, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), polyvinyl alcohol, agarose, chitosan, polyethyleneglycol, and albumin, or a combination thereof, wherein
the bottom portion has a height equal to half of the diameter of the boundary portion, and the opening has a height equal to or smaller than the height of the bottom portion; and
when the space has a volume of V mm 3 and the number of the mesenchymal cells seeded in the space is represented by N,
Y/V is in a range from 122.5 to 490.2,
X:Y is in a range from 10:1 to 40:1,
V is equal to or less than 0.068, and
N/V is in a range from 35 to 3000.
14. The culture method according to claim 13 , wherein a cell number of the vascular endothelial cell is Z, and X:Z is in a range from 10:5 to 10:10.