Microorganisms for producing 4C-5C compounds with unsaturation and methods related thereto

1. A non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a pathway from acetyl CoA to butadiene, said microbial organism comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme of said pathway, wherein said pathway comprises one of groups (i)-(xi) of enzymes:

(i) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1N, 1O, 1P, 1Q, and 1H;

(ii) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1F, 1R, 1P, 1Q, and 1H;

(iii) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1F, 1G, and 1H;

(iv) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1F, 1U, 1V, and 1H;

(v) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1F, 1U, 1T, and 1L;

(vi) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1F, 1S, and 1M;

(vii) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1F, 1S, 1K, and 1L;

(viii) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1I, 1J, and 1M;

(ix) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1I, 1J, 1K, and 1L;

(x) 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1J, and 1M; and

(xi) 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1J, 1K, and 1L; as follows:

(1A) acetyl-CoA reductase, (1B) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate aldolase, (1C) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate decarboxylase, (1D) 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde dehydratase, (1E) 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate 3-dehydratase, (1F) 2-oxopent-3-enoate reductase, (1G) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate dehydratase/vinylisomerase, (1H) 2,4-pentadienoate decarboxylase, (1I) 2-oxopent-3-enoate decarboxylase, (1J) crotyl aldehyde reductase, (1K) crotyl alcohol vinylisomerase, (1L) 3-buten-2-ol dehydratase, (1M) crotyl alcohol dehydratase/vinylisomerase, (1N) 2-oxopent-3-enoyl-CoA synthetase or transferase, (1O) 2-oxopent-3-enoyl-CoA reductase, (1P) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoyl-CoA dehydratase/vinylisomerase, (1Q) 2,4-pentadienoyl-CoA synthetase, transferase or hydrolase, (1R) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoyl-CoA synthetase or transferase, (1S) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate decarboxylase, (1T) 4-hydroxypent-2-enoate decarboxylase, (1U) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate vinylisomerase (1V) 4-hydroxypent-2-enoate dehydratase.

2. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 1 comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding (1B) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate aldolase.

3. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 1 , further comprising a nucleic acid encoding an enzyme selected from an alcohol dehydrogenase, an acyl-CoA reductase, a CoA transferase, a CoA hydrolase, a decarboxylase, an aldolase, a dehydratase, a dehydratase/vinylisomerase, an isomerase, a CoA synthetase, or combinations thereof.

4. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 1 , further comprising nucleic acids encoding enzymes that are (1B) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate aldolase; (1A) acetyl-CoA reductase; and (1F) 2-oxopent-3-enoate reductase.

5. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 4 , comprising nucleic acids encoding enzymes of group III, IV, V, VI, or VII:

III: (1P) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoyl-CoA dehydratase/vinylisomerase, (1Q) 2,4-pentadienoyl-CoA synthetase, transferase or hydrolase, (1R) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoyl-CoA synthetase or transferase, and (1H) 2,4-pentadienoate decarboxylase;

IV: (1G) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate dehydratase/vinylisomerase, and (1H) 2,4-pentadienoate decarboxylase;

V: (1U) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate vinylisomerase, (1V) 4-hydroxypent-2-enoate dehydratase, and (1H) 2,4-pentadienoate decarboxylase;

VI: (1S) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate decarboxylase, (1K) crotyl alcohol vinylisomerase, and (1L) 3-buten-2-ol dehydratase; or

VII: (1U) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoate vinylisomerase, (1T) 4-hydroxypent-2-enoate decarboxylase, and (1L) 3-buten-2-ol dehydratase.

6. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 2 , comprising a nucleic acid encoding (1I) 2-oxopent-3-enoate decarboxylase.

7. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 6 , comprising nucleic acids encoding enzymes of group VIII or IX:

VIII: (1J) crotyl aldehyde reductase, (1K) crotyl alcohol vinylisomerase, and (1L) 3-buten-2-ol dehydratase; or

IX: (1J) crotyl aldehyde reductase, and (1M) crotyl alcohol dehydratase/vinylisomerase.

8. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 2 , comprising nucleic acids encoding (1N) 2-oxopent-3-enoyl-CoA synthetase or transferase, (1O) 2-oxopent-3-enoyl-CoA reductase, (1P) 2-hydroxypent-3-enoyl-CoA dehydratase/vinylisomerase, (1Q) 2,4-pentadienoyl-CoA synthetase, transferase or hydrolase, and (1H) 2,4-pentadienoate decarboxylase.

9. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 1 comprising an exogenous nucleic acid encoding (1D) 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde dehydratase.

10. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 9 , comprising a nucleic acid or nucleic acids encoding one or more enzyme(s) selected from an enzyme(s) of group X, XI, or XII:

X: (1C) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate decarboxylase;

XI: (1J) crotyl aldehyde reductase, (1K) crotyl alcohol vinylisomerase, and (1L) 3-buten-2-ol dehydratase; or

XII: (1J) crotyl aldehyde reductase, and (1M) crotyl alcohol dehydratase/vinylisomerase.

11. A method for the production of butadiene, comprising culturing the non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 1 under conditions to produce butadiene, optionally wherein the culturing comprises substantially anaerobic conditions.

12. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 1 , comprising nucleic encoding (2A) acetyl-CoA reductase, (2B) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate aldolase, (2C) 4-hydroxy 2-oxovalerate dehydratase, and (2D) 2-oxopent-4-enoate reductase.

13. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 1 , comprising (2E) 2-hydroxypent-4-enoate vinylisomerase.

14. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 13 , comprising nucleic acids of group I or II:

I: nucleic acids encoding (2P) 5-hydroxypent-2-enoate decarboxylase and (2Q); or

II: nucleic acids encoding (2F) 5-hydroxypent-2-enoate dehydratase and (2G) 2,4-pentadienoate decarboxylase.

15. The non-naturally occurring microorganism of claim 1 , comprising (2H) 2-hydroxypent-4-enoate mutase.

16. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 1 wherein said pathway includes 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate as a pathway intermediate compound.

17. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 16 wherein said pathway includes (i) 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate and (ii) 2-oxopent-3-enoate or 2-oxopent-4-enoate, as pathway intermediate compounds.

18. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 1 wherein said pathway is:

(viii) 1A, 1B, 1E, 1I, 1J, and 1M.

19. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 1 that is bacteria.

20. The non-naturally occurring microbial organism of claim 19 that is E. coli.