High flow, high heat polycarbonate compositions
Polycarbonate blend compositions are disclosed. The compositions include at least one polycarbonate useful for high heat applications. The compositions include at least one poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate. The compositions can include one or more additional polymers. The compositions can include one or more additives. The compositions can be used to prepare articles of manufacture, and in particular, automotive bezels.
1. An article comprising a thermoplastic composition comprising:
(a) 40 to 85 wt % of a first polycarbonate that includes structural units derived from at least one of:
wherein R a and R b at each occurrence are each independently halogen, C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkenyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, or C 1 -C 12 alkoxy; p and q at each occurrence are each independently 0 to 4; R 13 at each occurrence is independently a halogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group; c at each occurrence is independently 0 to 4; R 14 at each occurrence is independently a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, phenyl, or phenyl substituted with up to five halogens or C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups; R g at each occurrence is independently C 1 -C 12 alkyl or halogen, or two R g groups together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a four-, five, or six-membered cycloalkyl group; and t is 1 to 10;
(b) 1 to 25 wt % of a poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer comprising carbonate units and ester units and having the formula:
wherein m is 4 to 18; x, and y each represents parts by weight of the carbonate units and the ester units based on 100 parts total weight of the poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer, x+y is 100; and R 3 is formula (I) or formula (II):
wherein R h is halogen, alkyl, or haloalkyl; n is 0 to 4; and X a is formula (III) or formula (IV):
wherein R c and R d are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl; and R e is a divalent alkyl group;
(c) 1 to 40 wt % of a second polycarbonate that is a Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 17,000 to 40,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; and
(d) optionally 1 to 40 wt % of a third polycarbonate that is a Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 17,000 to 40,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards, provided the third polycarbonate is different from the second polycarbonate, provided that the combined wt % value of all components does not exceed 100 wt %;
wherein the composition has a heat deflection temperature of at least 140° C., measured at 0.45 MPa in accordance with ASTM D 648;
wherein the composition has a melt viscosity of less than 170 Pa·s, measured in accordance with ISO 11443 at 316° C. at a shear rate of 5000 s −1 .
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein a molded sample of the composition obtained under standard molding conditions has a multiaxial impact energy of at least 55 Joules and a ductility of at least 70% at 23° C., as measured in accordance with ASTM D 3763.
3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a loss in melt viscosity of less than 20% after 30 minutes at 330° C. and a loss in melt viscosity of less than 10% after 30 minutes at 316° C., measured in accordance with ISO 6721-10 and ASTM D4440.
4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the first polycarbonate comprises structural units derived from 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylisoindolin-1-one, wherein the 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylisoindolin-1-one content is at most 40 mol %, and wherein the first polycarbonate has a Tg of at least 170° C.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the first polycarbonate comprises structural units derived from 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylisoindolin-1-one, and has a weight average molecular weight of 15,500 to 40,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using BPA polycarbonate standards.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the first polycarbonate is selected from:
a para-cumylphenol end-capped polycarbonate comprising structural units derived from 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylisoindolin-1-one and Bisphenol A, having a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; and
a para-cumylphenol end-capped polycarbonate comprising structural units derived from 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylisoindolin-1-one and Bisphenol A, having a weight average molecular weight of 23,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards.
7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 15,000 to 25,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; wherein the poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer has a Tg of at least 100° C.
8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer has the formula:
wherein m is 8; and R 3 is
9. The article of claim 1 , wherein the poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer is selected from
a para-cumylphenol end-capped polyester-polycarbonate copolymer comprising structural units derived from sebacic acid and Bisphenol A, having a weight average molecular weight of 18,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; and a melt flow rate of at least 85 g/10 min, measured according to ASTM D1238 (300° C., 1.2 kgf); and
a para-cumylphenol end-capped polyester-polycarbonate copolymer comprising structural units derived from sebacic acid and Bisphenol A, having a weight average molecular weight of 22,000 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; and a melt flow rate of 45 g/10 min to 60 g/10 min, measured according to ASTM D1238 (300° C., 1.2 kgf).
10. The article of claim 1 , wherein the second polycarbonate is
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 18,200 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 18,800 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a phenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 21,800 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 21,900 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 29,900 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; or
a phenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards.
11. The article of claim 1 , wherein the second polycarbonate is a Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer produced by interfacial or melt polymerization, having a weight average molecular weight of 29,900 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards.
12. The article according to claim 1 , wherein a 1.5 mm plaque comprising the composition, metallized with a 100 nm to 150 nm thick aluminum layer using a physical vapor deposition process, and protected with a plasma-deposited siloxane hard-coat of 50 nm, has a minimum haze onset temperature of 150° C. or greater, and the plaque achieves a GT0 metal adhesion rating when measured in accordance with ASTM D 3359 or ISO 2409.
13. The article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a heat deflection temperature of at least 155° C., measured at 0.45 MPa in accordance with ASTM D 648.
14. The article of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a melt viscosity of less than 150 Pa·s, measured in accordance with ISO 11443 at 316° C. at a shear rate of 5000 s −1 .
15. The article of claim 1 , wherein a plaque comprising the composition has a yellowness index of less than 4, measured in accordance with ASTM D1925.
16. The article of claim 15 , wherein a plaque comprising the composition has a percent transmission of at least 80% and a haze of 2% or less, measured in accordance with ASTM D1003.
17. The article of claim 1 , selected from instrument panels, overhead consoles, interior trim, center consoles, panels, quarter panels, rocker panels, trim, fenders, doors, deck lids, trunk lids, hoods, bonnets, roofs, bumpers, fascia, grilles, minor housings, pillar appliqués, cladding, body side moldings, wheel covers, hubcaps, door handles, spoilers, window frames, headlamp bezels, headlamps, tail lamps, tail lamp housings, tail lamp bezels, license plate enclosures, roof racks, circuit breakers, electrical and electronic housings, running boards, instrument screens, helmet or other protective device, fire helmets, face shields, safety glasses, eyeglasses, light fixtures, flashlight and lantern lenses, light fixtures, and motor vehicle headlight lenses and covers, or any combination thereof.
18. The article of claim 1 , wherein the third polycarbonate is present in the thermoplastic composition in an amount of 1 to 40 wt %.
19. The article of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic composition comprises
60 to 85 wt. % of the first polycarbonate;
5 to 25 wt. % of the poly(aliphatic ester)-polycarbonate copolymer; and
5 to 15 wt. % of the second polycarbonate.
20. The article of claim 19 , wherein the third polycarbonate is
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 18,200 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a para-cumyl phenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 18,800 g/mol, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a phenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 21,800 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 21,900 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards;
a para-cumylphenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 29,900 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards; or
a phenol end-capped linear Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards.
21. The article of claim 19 , wherein the third polycarbonate is a Bisphenol A polycarbonate homopolymer produced by interfacial or melt polymerization, having a weight average molecular weight of 21,900 g/mol as determined by gel permeation chromatography using Bisphenol A polycarbonate standards.