Compositions and methods for inhibiting BMP

1. A compound having a structure of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

wherein

X and Y are each N;

Z is CR 3 ;

Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl ring or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl ring;

L 1 is absent or selected from substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkyl-heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclylheteroalkyl, and

wherein Q is selected from CR 10 R 11 , NR 12 , O, S, S(O), and SO 2 ; R 10 and R 11 , independently for each occurrence, are selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, cyano, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamido; R 12 is selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, sulfonyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamide; and n is an integer selected from 0, 2, 3, and 4, wherein any CH 2 subunit of L 1 is optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups, or represents a carbon atom in a 3-5-membered cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring; and

J and K are both absent or, independently for each occurrence, are each CR 16 ;

A is CR 16 ;

B and E are each independently CR 17 ;

if J and K are absent, then G is R 16 and M is R 17 ; if J and K are not absent, then G is CR 16 and M is CR 17 ;

R 3 is H;

R 4 is selected from

and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl or heteroaryl ring;

R 15 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from H, halogen, cyano, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acylamino, carbamate, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamido;

R 16 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from H, OH, cyano, carboxyl, and substituted or unsubstituted acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acyl, ester, alkylamino, aminoalkyl, alkylthio, acyloxy, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamide;

R 17 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from R 16 and —R 22 , —NH 2 , —NHR 22 , —N(R 22 ) 2 , —CO 2 H, —CO 2 R 22 , —CONH 2 , —CONHR 22 , —CON(R 22 ) 2 , —C(NH 2 )═N(OH), —C(NHR 22 )═N(OH), —C(N(R 22 ) 2 )═N(OH), —C(NH 2 )═NH, —C(NHR 22 )═NH, —C(NHR 22 )═NR 22 , —C(N(R 22 ) 2 )═NH, —C(N(R 22 ) 2 )═NR 22 , —CN, —CH 2 CH 2 OH, —CH 2 OH, —CH 2 SO 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 SO 2 NHR 22 , —CH 2 SO 2 N(R 22 ) 2 , —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NHR 22 , —SO 2 N(R 22 ) 2 , —NHSO 2 R 22 , —SO 2 R 22 , —CH 2 SO 2 R 22 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NHR 22 , —CH 2 N(R 22 ) 2 , —C(O)R 22 ,

—CH(OH)R 22 , —C(OH)(R 22 ) 2 , —CH(NH 2 )(R 22 ), —CH(NHR 22 )(R 22 ), —CH(N(R 22 ) 2 )(R 22 ), pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, and —OR 22 , provided that at least one R 17 is —R 22 , —NH 2 , —NHR 22 , —N(R 22 ) 2 , —CO 2 H, —CO 2 R 22 , —CONH 2 , —CONHR 22 , —CON(R 22 ) 2 , —C(NH 2 )═N(OH), —C(NHR 22 )═N(OH), —C(N(R 22 ) 2 )═N(OH), —C(NH 2 )═NH, —C(NHR 22 )═NH, —C(NHR 22 )═NR 22 , —C(N(R 22 ) 2 )═NH, —C(N(R 22 ) 2 )═NR 22 , —CN, —CH 2 CH 2 OH, —CH 2 OH, —CH 2 SO 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 SO 2 NHR 22 , —CH 2 SO 2 N(R 22 ) 2 , —SO 2 NH 2 , —SO 2 NHR 22 , —SO 2 N(R 22 ) 2 , —NHSO 2 R 22 , —SO 2 R 22 , —CH 2 SO 2 R 22 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NHR 22 , —CH 2 N(R 22 ) 2 , —C(O)R 22 ,

—CH(OH)R 22 , —C(OH)(R 22 ) 2 , —CH(NH 2 )(R 22 ), —CH(NHR 22 )(R 22 ), —CH(N(R 22 ) 2 )(R 22 ), pyrazol-3-yl, or pyrazol-4-yl,

where at least one R 17 represents a moiety selected from —CO 2 H, —CONH 2 , —CH 2 OH, —CN, —C(O)CH 3 , —CH(OH)CH 3 , —C(OH)(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(O)CF 3 , —CH(NH 2 )CF 3 , —SO 2 CH 3 , —SO 2 NH 2 and

R 21 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acyl, sulfonyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamide; and

R 22 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from lower alkyl and cycloalkyl;

wherein at least one R 16 or one R 17 is not H.

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 22 is methyl, CF 3 , ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl.

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 4 is

wherein

V is a direct bond (in which case R 5 is absent), N, CH, or CCH 3 ;

W is N, CH, or CCH 3 , provided that at least one of V and W is N;

R 5 is selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, acyl, or ester (thereby forming a carbamate when V is N); and

R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from H or alkyl, or R 6 and R 7 taken together form a one- or two-carbon bridge.

4. A compound having a structure of Formula II or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

wherein

X and Y are each N;

Z is CR 3 ;

Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl ring or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl ring;

L 1 is absent or

wherein Q is selected from CR 10 R 11 , NR 12 , O, S, S(O), and SO 2 ; R 10 and R 11 , independently for each occurrence, are selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, cyano, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamido; R 12 is selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, sulfonyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamide; and n is selected from 0, 2, 3, and 4, wherein any CH 2 subunit of L 1 is optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups, or represents a carbon atom in a 3-5-membered cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring; and

J and K are both absent or, independently for each occurrence, are each CR 16 ;

A and B, independently for each occurrence, are CR 16 ;

E is CR 17 ;

if J and K are absent, then G and M are each independently R 16 ; if J and K are not absent, then G and M are each independently CR 17 ;

R 3 is H;

R 4 is

V is NR 21

R 20 is absent or represents from 1-6 substituents on the ring to which it is attached, independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acyl, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, and sulfonamido;

R 15 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from H, halogen, cyano, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acylamino, carbamate, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamido;

R 16 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from H, OH, cyano, carboxyl, and substituted or unsubstituted acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acyl, ester, alkylamino, aminoalkyl, alkylthio, acyloxy, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, sulfonamide, tetrazolyl, or trifluoromethylacyl;

R 17 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from R 16 and H, —CO 2 H, —CONH 2 , —CONHCH 3 , —CON(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(NH 2 )═N(OH), —C(NH 2 )═NH, —CN, —CH 2 OH, —SO 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —C(O)CH 3 ,

—CH(OH)CH 3 , —C(O)CF 3 , and —OCH 3 , provided that at least one R 17 is H, —CO 2 H, —CONH 2 , —CONHCH 3 , —CON(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(NH 2 )═N(OH), —C(NH 2 )═NH, —CN, —CH 2 OH, —SO 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —C(O)CH 3 ,

—CH(OH)CH 3 , or —C(O)CF 3 ; and

R 21 , independently for each occurrence, is selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, acyl, sulfonyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamide;

wherein at least one R 16 or one R 17 is not H.

5. The compound of claim 4 , wherein at least one R 17 represents a moiety selected from —CO 2 H, —CONH 2 , —CONHCH 3 , —CON(CH 3 ) 2 , —C(NH 2 )═N(OH), —C(NH 2 )═NH, —CN, —CH 2 OH, —SO 2 NH 2 , —CH 2 NH 2 , —C(O)CH 3 ,

—CH(OH)CH 3 , or —C(O)CF 3 .

6. The compound of claim 4 , wherein R 20 is absent.

7. The compound of claim 4 , wherein R 21 is H.

8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 4 is

W is N, CH, or CCH 3 ;

R 5 is selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, acyl, or ester (thereby forming a carbamate); and

R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from H or alkyl, or R 6 forms a one- or two-carbon bridge to the carbon atom adjacent to R 7 and NR 5 .

9. The compound of claim 8 , wherein R 5 is H.

10. The compound of claim 8 , wherein R 6 and R 7 are each methyl.

11. The compound of claim 8 , wherein R 6 forms a one-carbon bridge to the carbon atom adjacent to R 7 and NR 5 .

12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ar represents a six-membered ring.

13. The compound of claim 12 , wherein L 1 is disposed on the para-position of Ar relative to the central bicyclic core.

14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L 1 is absent.

15. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L 1 has a structure

wherein Q is selected from CR 10 R 11 , NR 12 , O, S, S(O), and SO 2 ; R 10 and R 11 , independently for each occurrence, are selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, cyano, sulfonyl, sulfoxido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamido; R 12 selected from H and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, amino, acylamino, carbamate, amido, amidino, sulfonyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamide; and n is selected from 0, 2, 3, and 4, wherein any CH 2 subunit of L 1 is optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups.

16. The compound of claim 1 , wherein when J and K are absent, R 17 is selected from —C(NH 2 )═NH or —C(NH 2 )═N(OH).

17. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 4 includes a moiety with a pK a greater than about 4 for its conjugate acid.

18. The compound of claim 12 , wherein Ar is a phenyl, pyridyl, or pyrimidyl ring.

19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or solvent.