Method and installation for manufacturing a floor covering product and floor covering product obtained hereby
A method for manufacturing a floor covering product comprises at least a first step of forming a single- or multi-layered substrate by consolidating synthetic material-based starting material. The method comprises a second step after the first step, which is performed in line with the first step. The at least one continuous film is laminated onto the substrate, and the laminating is performed by means of a belt press.
1. A method for manufacturing a floor covering product, the method comprising:
a first step of forming a single- or multi-layered substrate by consolidating synthetic material-based starting material; and
after consolidating the synthetic material-based starting material in the first step, a second step performed in line with the first step, wherein at least one continuous film is introduced onto the substrate and subjected to a laminating pressure, said laminating pressure performed by means of a belt press,
wherein the belt press is an isobaric belt press and said laminating pressure is isobaric pressure, such that after being introduced onto the substrate the at least one continuous film is initially and only subjected to said isobaric pressure during the second step;
wherein laminating the film on the substrate is performed by fusing, and wherein for the purpose of providing a fusion the substrate is brought to a suitable temperature prior to the at least one continuous film being introduced onto the substrate;
wherein said continuous film is a hard polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film with an amount of plasticizer of less than 5 percent by weight and has a print formed by water-based inks; and
wherein said continuous film is a decor layer and wherein the film, prior to laminating, is subjected to controlled stretching in order to stretch the decor to a greater or lesser extent, in the width and/or length.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the substrate is performed by means of a strewing process, wherein the synthetic material-based starting material is strewn as a granulate and subsequently is consolidated in a press device.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the strewn granulate is consolidated by means of a continuous press.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the substrate is performed by means of extrusion wherein the synthetic material-based material is extruded in layer shape wherein a plurality of layers are thermally laminated on top of each other.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of forming the substrate shows one or more of the following characteristics:
that in the starting material, one or more other materials than synthetic materials are incorporated, including additives and/or fillers;
that reinforcement material are included in the substrate in the form of one or more local layers in the form of a fiber mat, non-woven or fabric on the basis of glass fiber.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said laminating of the continuous film in said second step is performed by means of a double belt press.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said laminating of the continuous film in the belt press in said second step is performed by means of a fluid pressure which is exerted on a surface of a belt of the belt press in a zone along which the belt is moving.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein in said second step a double belt press is applied, wherein the substrate and the continuous film are moved along between the two belts of the double belt press, wherein a fluid pressure is exerted on the belt which is located on the side of the continuous film, wherein the other belt acts as a counter support.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein for creating the pressure in the press, use is made of a gaseous fluid, or of a liquid.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a fluid pressure is exerted directly or indirectly on a surface of a belt of the belt press for generating an isobaric pressure, wherein the fluid is configured to cool the substrate and the film for consolidating the assembly of the substrate and the film.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said continuous film is a decor layer provided with a print and wherein the decor layer is printed directly during the manufacturing process, prior to laminating, by means of a digital printer or digital printing unit.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein impressions are provided in the upper side of the floor covering product in one and the same continuous process after laminating the continuous film onto the substrate, and wherein the impressions are realized as “in register” with the decor.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the impressions are applied by means of a roller provided with a relief on its surface.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate and said continuous film, whether or not together with still other layers, form a material web and wherein the material web is cut to floor panels, to rectangular oblong or square panels, or tiles.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein it is applied for the production of vinyl tiles or floor panels of which at least the substrate is realized on the basis of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or polyurethane (PUR).
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate shows one or more of the following characteristics:
the material of the substrate contains a thermoplastic;
the material of the substrate contains a thermoplastic provided with a plasticizer;
the material of the substrate is based on any of the following synthetic materials: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or polyurethane (PUR);
the material of the substrate contains one or more filler materials including chalk;
the material of the substrate, either across the entire thickness thereof, or across only a portion of the thickness thereof, substantially consists of a composite of the synthetic material and wood particles;
the substrate consists of at least two layers, including a layer comprising the synthetic material and the wood particles, and a layer which is free or substantially free from wood particles and substantially is based on the synthetic material;
the substrate contains a reinforcement layer, including at least a glass fiber fleece.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate, starting from its manufacture up to the forming of the final floor covering product, is handled in a flat state, or, during bending, is subjected exclusively to bending having a radius of more than 40 cm.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein, prior to the second step, a leveling treatment is performed on the substrate, said leveling treatment comprising a grinding treatment and/or application of one or more layers of plastisol.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein a fluid of the isobaric press presses directly on the continuous film.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein a heated deflection roller is placed at the starting point of the belt press for heating the at least one continuous film prior to the at least one continuous film being introduced onto the substrate.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isobaric belt press includes a chamber for building the isobaric pressure directly or indirectly on a surface of a belt of the isobaric belt press, the chamber subdivided into at least two segments, and each segment having a different temperature.
22. A method for manufacturing a floor covering product, the method comprising:
at least a first step for forming a single- or multi-layered substrate by consolidating synthetic material-based starting material;
a second step after consolidating the synthetic material-based starting material in the first step performed in line with the first step, wherein at least one continuous film is introduced onto the substrate and laminated on the substrate by means of an isobaric press, such that after being introduced onto the substrate the at least one continuous film is initially and only subjected to isobaric pressure during the second step,
wherein laminating the film on the substrate is performed by fusing, and wherein for the purpose of providing a fusion the substrate is brought to a suitable temperature prior to the at least one continuous film being introduced onto the substrate;
wherein said continuous film is a hard polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film with an amount of plasticizer of less than 5 percent by weight and has a print formed by water-based inks; and
wherein said continuous film is a decor layer and wherein the film, prior to laminating, is subjected to controlled stretching in order to stretch the decor to a greater or lesser extent, in the width and/or length;
a third step, wherein impressions are formed in a surface of the film and/or the substrate, with the characteristic:
that the forming of the substrate is performed by means of a strewing process, wherein the synthetic material-based starting material is strewn as a granulate and subsequently is consolidated in a press device; and
that the impressions are provided by means of a roller, which is provided with a relief on its surface, wherein for the roller a roller is applied with, seen along the circumference, at least two segments, which each are provided with a relief, wherein in circumferential direction the distance between at least two of these segments is adjustable in order to change a “repeat” with which the impressions are realized, wherein the “repeat” is adjusted and altered in function of the position of an applied decor.