System and method of controlling condensing and non-condensing boiler firing rates
In one example embodiment of a hydronic heating system, the system includes at least one condensing boiler and at least one non-condensing boiler, and at least one controller configured for utilizing at least one PID control program to generate at least one signal for controlling firing rates of one or more of the boilers based upon sensed water temperature and temperature setpoint inputs. Depending upon the mode of operation, the at least one PID control program is a first PID control program dedicated to controlling only the at least one condensing boiler, or is a second PID control program dedicated to controlling only the at least one non-condensing boiler, or includes both the first and second PID control programs. Also, outside air temperature serves as a basis for generating the temperature setpoint inputs.
1. A hydronic heating system, comprising:
at least one condensing boiler;
at least one non-condensing boiler; and
at least one controller configured to operate to determine, at least indirectly, firing rates for the at least one condensing boiler and the at least one non-condensing boiler,
wherein the at least one controller is configured to operate in accordance with a first proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control loop to determine, at least indirectly, a first firing rate for the at least one condensing boiler, and
wherein, the at least one controller is configured to operate in accordance with a second PID control loop to determine, at least indirectly, a second firing rate for the at least one non-condensing boiler.
2. The hydronic heating system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured so that:
when a first condition is met, the at least one condensing boiler is operated in accordance with the first firing rate and the at least one non-condensing boiler is not operated, and
when a second condition is met, the at least one non-condensing boiler is operated in accordance with the second firing rate and the at least one condensing boiler is not operated.
3. The hydronic heating system of claim 2 , wherein the first condition is that a first sensed outside air temperature exceeds a first temperature threshold, and wherein the second condition is that either the first sensed outside air temperature or a second outside air temperature is less than either the first temperature threshold or a second temperature threshold.
4. The hydronic heating system of claim 2 , wherein the system is configured so that:
when a third condition is met, the at least one condensing boiler is operated in accordance with the first firing rate and the at least one non-condensing boiler is operated in accordance with the second firing rate.
5. The hydronic heating system of claim 4 , wherein the third condition is met when (a) either every available one of the at least one condensing boiler is being maximally operated or every available one of the at least one non-condensing boiler is being maximally operated, and additionally (b) a sensed water temperature is below a temperature setpoint.
6. The hydronic heating system of claim 1 , wherein the first PID control loop is configured to generate a first output signal that at least indirectly determines the first firing rate, based at least in part upon a first input signal that is at least indirectly related to a first sensed temperature and a second input signal that is at least indirectly related to a first temperature setpoint.
7. The hydronic heating system of claim 6 , wherein the second PID control loop is configured to generate a second output signal that at least indirectly determines the second firing rate, based at least in part upon a third input signal and a fourth input signal, wherein the third input signal is either at least indirectly related to the first input signal or at least indirectly related to a second sensed temperature, and wherein the fourth input signal is either at least indirectly related to the second input signal or at least indirectly related to a second temperature setpoint.
8. The hydronic heating system of claim 6 , wherein the at least one controller is further configured to receive a first sensed outside air temperature and to determine the first temperature setpoint as a value corresponding to the first sensed outside air temperature in accordance with a first reset curve.
9. The hydronic heating system of claim 8 , further comprising at least one memory device, wherein the first reset curve is stored in the at least one memory device, wherein the first reset curve is representative of a functional relationship between a first plurality of outside air temperature values and a second plurality of temperature setpoints.
10. The hydronic heating system of claim 9 , wherein at least a segment of the first reset curve is a linear curve segment according to which, as the outside air temperature values are decreased, the temperature setpoints are increased.
11. The hydronic heating system of claim 9 , wherein at least a first portion of the second reset curve is a shifted version of a corresponding portion of the first reset curve, and wherein at least a second portion of the second reset curve is representative of a minimum temperature setpoint value that is maintained over a range of outdoor temperature values.
12. The hydronic heating system of claim 8 , wherein the second PID control loop is configured to generate a second output signal that at least indirectly determines the second firing rate, based at least in part upon a third input signal and a fourth input signal,
wherein the third input signal is either at least indirectly related to the first input signal or at least indirectly related to a second sensed temperature,
wherein the fourth input signal is at least indirectly related to either the first temperature setpoint or a second temperature setpoint.
13. The hydronic heating system of claim 12 , wherein the fourth input signal is at least indirectly related to the second temperature setpoint, and
wherein the at least one controller is further configured to determine the second temperature setpoint as a value corresponding to the first sensed outside air temperature in accordance with a second reset curve.
14. The hydronic heating system of claim 8 , wherein the first reset curve is a shifted version of another base reset curve, such that first active setpoints of the first reset curve are shifted versions of other active setpoints of the other base reset curve.
15. A control system for use in controlling operation of a hydronic heating system, comprising:
one or more memory devices configured to store each of a first proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control program, a second PID control program, and first information setting forth a relationship between outside air temperatures and setpoint temperatures; and
one or more control devices connected at least indirectly with the one or more memory devices and configured to operate to determine, at least indirectly, one or more signals configured to govern firing rates for at least one condensing boiler and at least one non-condensing boiler,
wherein a first of the signals configured to govern a first of the firing rates for the at least one condensing boiler is determined in accordance with the first PID control program, and a second of the signals configured to govern a second of the firing rates for the at least one non-condensing boiler is determined in accordance with the second PID control program, and
wherein at least one input value for use by one or both of the first and second PID control programs is a setpoint temperature determined based upon the information.
16. The control system of claim 15 , wherein the control devices includes a first control device, a second control device, and a third control device, wherein the first control device is configured for communication with and governing operation of each of the second and third control devices, wherein the second control device is configured for communication with the at least one condensing boiler, and wherein the third control device is configured for communication with the at least one non-condensing boiler.
17. The control system of claim 15 , wherein at least one of the one or more control devices is configured to receive an outside air temperature signal and a water temperature signal, to determine the setpoint temperature based upon the outside air temperature signal in combination with the information, to utilize the water temperature signal as an additional input value for use by one or both of the first and second PID control loop programs.
18. A method for operating a controller of a hydronic heating system having at least one condensing boiler and at least one non-condensing boiler, comprising:
receiving an outdoor air temperature value;
determining a temperature setpoint value based at least indirectly upon the outdoor air temperature value;
additionally receiving a water temperature value associated with a location within the hydronic heating system;
executing at least one proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control program so as to determine at least one output signal configured for governing at least one firing rate of one or more of the at least one condensing boiler and at least one non-condensing boiler based at least indirectly upon the temperature setpoint value and the water temperature value,
wherein if a first condition is satisfied, the at least one PID control program includes a first PID control program dedicated to controlling only the at least one condensing boiler,
wherein if a second condition is satisfied, the at least one PID control program includes a second PID control program dedicated to controlling only the at least one non-condensing boiler, and
wherein if a third condition is satisfied, the at least one PID control program includes both the first and second PID control programs; and
governing the at least one firing rate of one or more of the at least one condensing boiler and the at least one non-condensing boiler based upon the at least one output signal.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising:
determining whether the first condition, second condition, or third condition is satisfied based upon a comparison of the outdoor air temperature value or another outdoor air temperature value in relation to a threshold.
20. The method of claim 18 , further comprising:
providing a reset curve stored in at least one memory device, the reset curve correlating a plurality of outdoor air temperature values including the received outdoor air temperature value with a plurality of temperature setpoint values including the determined temperature setpoint value, wherein the determining of the temperature setpoint value is based upon a consultation of the reset curve.