Planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) exhibiting controllable transmissivity / reflectivity
Aspects of the present disclosure describe planar lightwave circuit systems, methods and structures including a resonant mirror assembly having cascaded resonators that provide or otherwise facilitate the control of the transmissivity/reflectivity of a planar lightwave circuit (PLC)—or portion thereof—over a range of 0% to substantially 100%.
1. A planar lightwave circuit comprising:
an input port;
an output port; and
a resonant mirror assembly optically coupling the input port to the output port, the resonant mirror assembly exhibiting a tunable reflectivity/transmittvity, the resonant mirror assembly including a plurality of cascaded optical resonators, each optical resonator exhibiting a pair of coupling coefficients, wherein one of the coupling coefficients of at least one of the plurality of resonators is different in value from all the other coupling coefficients;
wherein at least a portion of light received at the input port is reflected back to that port through the effect of the resonant mirror assembly.
2. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein all the other coupling coefficients are substantially equal in value to one another.
3. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein the resonant mirror assembly includes n cascaded optical resonators and n+1 bus waveguides, each of the resonators being optically coupled to a pair of bus waveguides according to its pair of coupling coefficients.
4. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein at last one resonator exhibits a phase that is tunable.
5. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein each individual resonator is one selected from the group consisting of: ring resonator, racetrack resonator, loop resonator, disk resonator, and optically resonant cavity.
6. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein each individual resonator is one selected from the group consisting of: ring resonator, racetrack resonator, loop resonator, disk resonator, and resonant cavity.
7. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein the resonant mirror assembly is coupled to the input port by a coupler selected from the group consisting of: Y-coupler and directional coupler.
8. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 3 where n=2 and the four coupling coefficients K 1 , K 2 , K 3 and K 4 are configured such that three of the coupling coefficients are substantially equal in value while the fourth is greater in value than the other three.
9. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein both coefficients for at least one of the resonators are individually controllable.
10. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 1 wherein the light reflected back to the input port traverses all of the resonators prior to its reflection back to the input port.
11. A planar lightwave circuit comprising:
an input waveguide;
an output waveguide;
a resonant mirror assembly exhibiting a controllable transmissivity/reflectivity, said resonant mirror assembly including:
n optical resonators where n>=3;
n+1 bus waveguides, each of bus waveguides having a first end and a second end;
a first coupler optically coupling the input waveguide to the first end of the first one of the n bus waveguides and to the first end of the nth of the n bus waveguides;
a second coupler optically coupling the output waveguide to the second end of the first one of the n bus waveguides and to the second end of another one of the n bus waveguides;
wherein each of the n optical resonators are optically coupled to at least two of the bus waveguides, each of the resonator bus couplings being defined by a coefficient K;
wherein at least one of the coefficients is different in value from all other coefficients;
wherein said resonant mirror assembly is configured to reflect at least a portion of light received at the input port back to that port.
12. The planar lightwave circuit of claim 11 wherein both coefficients for at least one of the resonators are individually controllable.
13. The planar lightwave circuit of claim 12 wherein both coefficients are controllable through the effect of a split heater.
14. The planar lightwave circuit of claim 11 wherein all coefficients but one are substantially equal in value to one another.
15. The planar lightwave circuit of circuit of claim 11 wherein at least one of the resonators exhibits a phase that is tunable.
16. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 11 wherein each individual resonator is one selected from the group consisting of: ring resonator, racetrack resonator, loop resonator, disk resonator, and optically resonant cavity.
17. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 11 wherein each individual resonator is one selected from the group consisting of: ring resonator, racetrack resonator, loop resonator, disk resonator, and resonant cavity.
18. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 11 wherein the first coupler and the second coupler are individually selected from the group consisting of: Y-coupler and directional coupler.
19. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 11 where n=3 and the six coupling coefficients K 1 , K 2 , K 3 , K 4 , KS, and K 6 are configured such that five of the coupling coefficients are substantially equal in value while the sixth is greater in value than the other three.
20. The planar lightwave circuit according to claim 11 wherein the light reflected back to the input port traverses all of the resonators prior to its reflection back to the input port.