Apparatus for energy transfer using converter and method of manufacturing same
According to an aspect of the invention, a motor drive circuit includes a first energy storage device configured to supply electrical energy, a bi-directional DC-to-DC voltage converter coupled to the first energy storage device, a voltage inverter coupled to the bi-directional DC-to-DC voltage converter, and an input device configured to receive electrical energy from an external energy source. The motor drive circuit further includes a coupling system coupled to the input device, to the first energy storage device, and to the bi-directional DC-to-DC voltage converter. The coupling system has a first configuration configured to transfer electrical energy to the first energy storage device via the bi-directional DC-to-DC voltage converter, and has a second configuration configured to transfer electrical energy from the first energy storage device to the voltage inverter via the bi-directional DC-to-DC voltage converter.
1. A vehicle charging system for a hybrid electric vehicle, the vehicle charging system comprising:
a connection system coupleable to an external charging source, the connection system configured to utilize a first connection and a second connection;
a plurality of DC converters on-board the vehicle and coupleable to the connection system, the plurality of DC converters configured to operate in combination to step up and step down an input voltage derived from the external charging source;
an energy storage device coupleable to at least one of the plurality of DC converters; and
a controller programmed to:
charge the energy storage device at a first charging rate when the energy storage device is coupled to the first connection;
charge the energy storage device at a second charging rate when the energy storage device is coupled to the second connection; and
operate the plurality of DC converters when charging the energy storage device by:
operating a first DC converter to boost the input voltage to an intermediate voltage; and
operating a second DC converter to buck the intermediate voltage to an output voltage to charge the energy storage device.
2. The vehicle charging system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of DC converters comprises an isolation transformer.
3. The vehicle charging system of claim 2 , wherein the DC converter further comprises a rectifier coupled to the isolation transformer.
4. The vehicle charging system of claim 1 , further comprising an electromechanical device.
5. The vehicle charging system of claim 4 , further comprising an inverter coupled to the electromechanical device.
6. The vehicle charging system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second connection are each mating contacts.
7. A vehicle comprising:
an energy storage device;
a connection system coupleable to an external charging source and configured to utilize a first connection and a second connection, the connection system configured to:
provide an input voltage to charge the energy storage device at a first charging rate when the energy storage device is coupled to the first connection; and
provide an input voltage to charge the energy storage device at a second charging rate when the energy storage device is coupled to the second connection; and
a plurality of DC converters coupleable to the connection system, the plurality of DC converters configured to:
boost the input voltage to an intermediate voltage via a first DC converter; and
buck the intermediate voltage to an output voltage via a second DC converter, the output voltage for charging the energy storage device.
8. The vehicle of claim 7 , wherein at least one of the plurality of DC converters comprises an isolation transformer.
9. The vehicle charging system of claim 8 , wherein the DC converter further comprises a rectifier coupled to the isolation transformer.
10. The vehicle of claim 7 , further comprising an AC motor.
11. The vehicle of claim 10 , further comprising an inverter coupled to the AC motor.
12. The vehicle of claim 7 , wherein the first and second connection are each mating contacts.
13. The vehicle of claim 7 , wherein the vehicle is a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
14. A method for charging an energy storage device on-board a vehicle, the vehicle including a connection system coupleable to an external charging source and a plurality of DC converters, the method comprising:
providing an input voltage to charge the energy storage device at a first charging rate if the energy storage device is coupled to a first connection of the connection system;
providing an input voltage to charge the energy storage device at a second charging rate if the energy storage device is coupled to a second connection of the connection system;
boosting the input voltage to an intermediate voltage via a first DC converter of the plurality of DC converters; and
bucking the intermediate voltage to an output voltage via a second DC converter of the plurality of DC converters, the output voltage to charge the energy storage device.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising configuring a controller to control switching of the plurality of DC converters such that the input voltage is suitable for charging the energy storage device.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the first and second connection are each mating contacts.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the vehicle is a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.