Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening
A composition is provided, wherein the composition comprises a water-swellable, water insoluble polymer, a blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the hydrophilic polymer, and a whitening agent, preferably a peroxide. The composition finds utility as a tooth whitening composition and is applied to the teeth in need of whitening, and then removed when the degree of whitening has been achieved. In certain embodiments, the composition is translucent. Methods for preparing and using the compositions are also disclosed.
1. A tooth whitening system, comprising:
an outer substrate that serves as an external surface of the system following application to a tooth surface;
a tooth contact adhesive layer adhered to the outer substrate, and
a removable release liner positioned on the tooth contact adhesive layer;
wherein the tooth contact adhesive layer comprises a solid composition comprising:
(a) a water-swellable, water-insoluble copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate;
(b) a blend of a poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer and a poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the poly(N-vinyl lactam); and
(c) a peroxide whitening agent.
2. The tooth whitening system of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a ratio of free carboxyl groups to ester groups in a range of about 1:1 to 1:2.
3. The tooth whitening system of claim 1 , wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl caprolactam, and blends thereof.
4. The tooth whitening system of claim 3 , wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) is polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
5. The tooth whitening system of claim 4 , wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) has a number average molecular weight in the range of approximately 100,000 to 2,000,000.
6. The tooth whitening system of claim 4 , wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) has a number average molecular weight in the range of approximately 500,000 to 1,500,000.
7. The tooth whitening system of claim 4 , wherein the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer has a molecular weight in the range of about 45 to 800.
8. The tooth whitening system of claim 7 , wherein the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer is polyethylene glycol.
9. The tooth whitening system of claim 4 , wherein the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer has a molecular weight in the range of about 45 to 600.
10. The tooth whitening system of claim 1 , wherein the peroxide is hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide.
11. The tooth whitening system of claim 1 , comprising from about 1-20 weight percent of the water-swellable, water insoluble copolymer; from about 20-80 weight percent of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer; from about 10-50 weight percent of the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer; and from about 0.1 to 60 weight percent of the peroxide whitening agent.
12. The tooth whitening system of claim 11 , wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer is polyvinyl pyrrolidone, the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer is polyethylene glycol, and the whitening agent is a hydrogen peroxide.
13. The tooth whitening system of claim 1 , comprising from about 6-12 weight percent of the water-swellable, water insoluble copolymer; from about 40-60 weight percent of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer; from about 15-35 weight percent of the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer; and from about 0.1 to 30 weight percent of the peroxide whitening agent.
14. The tooth whitening system of claim 13 , wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer is polyvinyl pyrrolidone, the poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer is polyethylene glycol, and the whitening agent is a hydrogen peroxide.
15. The tooth whitening system of claim 14 , comprising from about 1 to 20 weight percent of the peroxide whitening agent.
16. A method for whitening a tooth, comprising:
providing a tooth whitening system comprised of (i) an outer substrate that serves as an external surface of the system following application to a tooth surface; (ii) a tooth contact adhesive layer adhered to the outer substrate, and (iii) a removable release liner positioned on the tooth contact adhesive layer;
wherein the tooth contact adhesive layer comprises a solid composition comprising:
(a) a water-swellable, water-insoluble copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate;
(b) a blend of a poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer and a poly(alkylene glycol) oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the poly(N-vinyl lactam); and
(c) a peroxide whitening agent.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising: removing the release liner and applying the tooth contact adhesive layer to a tooth using manual pressure to the outer substrate.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein after said applying, the tooth contact adhesive layer remains in contact with the tooth for a period of between about 10 minutes to 8 hours.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein after said applying, the tooth contact adhesive layer remains in contact with the tooth for a period of between about 30 minutes to 1 hour.
20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising removing the tooth contact adhesive layer from the tooth.