Separating drilling cuttings and gas using a liquid seal
A gas separator, gas separation system, and method for separating gas from drilling cuttings by actively maintaining a liquid seal of liquid in a lower portion of a separation vessel by controlling an introduced amount of the liquid admitted to the separation vessel as a removed amount of the liquid is removed from the separation vessel and by promoting agitation of the drilling cuttings in the liquid in an agitation chamber within the lower portion of the separation vessel to aid removal of the drilling cuttings along with the removed amount of the liquid.
1. A gas separation system for processing a drilling fluid to separate gas from drilling cuttings, the gas separation system comprising:
a separation vessel having a body, the body having a top wall, a bottom wall, a sidewall, an upper portion and a lower portion and the body forming a closed structure defining an interior space of the separation vessel and the lower portion comprising an agitation chamber within the interior space;
an inlet for receiving the drilling fluid into the interior space of the separation vessel above the agitation chamber, the drilling fluid comprising the gas and the drilling cuttings;
a gas outlet in the upper portion for discharging gas from the interior space of the separation vessel;
a discharge pump coupled to a bottom discharge outlet in the lower portion of the body for promoting the discharge of the drilling cuttings from the interior space of the separation vessel;
a circulation pump coupled to the body for promoting the introduction of a liquid into the interior space of the separation vessel to maintain a liquid seal level within the interior space of the separation vessel;
one or more sprayers positioned above the agitation chamber and configured to wet articulates borne by the gas with the liquid as the gas rises to the gas outlet after the separation:
one or more mixing nozzles directed into the lower portion of the interior space of the separation vessel and configured to inject a jet of the liquid to agitate the cuttings with a swirling action within the agitation chamber, wherein the agitation chamber is configured to promote agitation of the drilling cuttings in the liquid within the agitation chamber to aid removal of the drilling cuttings along with a removed amount of the liquid thereby separating the drilling cuttings;
at least one fluid level sensor configured to detect fluid levels within the interior space of the separation vessel; and
a control system, the control system coupled to the discharge pump and to the circulation pump, the control system for controlling the discharge pump and the circulation pump to actively maintain the liquid seal of the liquid in a lower portion of the interior space of the separation vessel by controlling an introduced amount of the liquid admitted to the interior space of the separation vessel as the removed amount of the liquid is removed from the interior space of the separation vessel and wherein the at least one fluid level sensor is coupled to the control system.
2. The gas separation system of claim 1 wherein the separation vessel comprises:
an upper baffle defining a tortuous path past the upper baffle to separate the gas from another substance selected from a group consisting of drilling cuttings, the liquid, and foam; and
a centering baffle within the interior space and having a top rim edge positioned below the upper baffle and above the agitation chamber and the centering baffle configured to concentrate and direct the drilling fluid towards the center of agitation chamber.
3. The gas separation system of claim 2 wherein the one or more sprayers comprises:
a sprayer for applying a fluid spray of the liquid within a portion of the interior space of the separation vessel below the upper baffle and above the liquid seal, the fluid spray for promoting movement of the drilling cuttings downward but allowing the flow of the gas upward.
4. The gas separation system of claim 1 wherein the at least one fluid level sensor comprises:
a plurality of liquid level sensors coupled to the control system, the control system for controlling the discharge pump and the circulation pump based on signals received from the plurality of liquid level sensors.
5. The gas separation system of claim 1 wherein the control system is configured to maintain a surface of the liquid above the agitation chamber and below the one or more sprayers.
6. The gas separation system of claim 1 wherein the separation vessel comprises:
a frustoconical baffle in the lower portion of the interior space of the separation vessel, the frustoconical baffle for urging the drilling cuttings toward a central axis of the agitation chamber.
7. The gas separation system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more mixing nozzles are configured to be adjusted for flow rate and swirl pattern.
8. The gas separation system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fluid level sensor comprises a low low level sensor, low level sensor, process level sensor, and high level sensor.
9. The gas separation system of claim 1 , further comprising a pump skid and the discharge pump and the circulation pump are located on the pump skid.
10. A gas separation system for processing a drilling fluid to separate gas from drilling cuttings, the gas separation system comprising:
a separation vessel having a body, the body having a top wall, a bottom wall, a sidewall, an upper portion and a lower portion and the body forming a closed structure defining an interior space of the separation vessel and the lower portion of the interior space comprising an agitation chamber;
an inlet for receiving the drilling fluid into the interior space of the separation vessel above the agitation chamber, the drilling fluid comprising the gas and the drilling cuttings;
a gas outlet in the upper portion for discharging gas from the interior space of the separation vessel;
a discharge pump coupled to a bottom discharge outlet in the lower portion of the body for promoting the discharge of the drilling cuttings from the interior space of the separation vessel;
a circulation pump coupled to the lower portion of the body for promoting the introduction of a liquid into the interior space of the separation vessel to maintain a liquid seal level within the interior space of the separation vessel atop the agitation chamber;
one or more sprayers positioned above the agitation chamber and configured to wet particulates borne by the gas with the liquid as the gas rises to the gas outlet after the separation:
one or more mixing nozzles directed into the lower portion of the interior space of the separation vessel and configured to inject a jet of the liquid to agitate the cuttings with a swirling action within the agitation chamber, wherein the agitation chamber is configured to promote agitation of the drilling cuttings in the liquid within the agitation chamber to aid removal of the drilling cuttings along with a removed amount of the liquid thereby separating the drilling cuttings;
at least one fluid level sensor configured to detect fluid levels within the interior space of the separation vessel;
a control system, the control system coupled to the discharge pump and to the circulation pump, the control system for controlling the discharge pump and the circulation pump to actively maintain the liquid seal of the liquid in a lower portion of the interior space of the separation vessel by controlling an introduced amount of the liquid admitted to the interior space of the separation vessel as the removed amount of the liquid is removed from the interior space of the separation vessel and wherein the at least one fluid level sensor are coupled to the control system;
a series of upper baffles defining a tortuous path past the baffles to separate the gas from at least one substance selected from a group consisting of drilling cuttings, the liquid, and foam; and
a centering baffle within the interior space and having a top rim edge positioned below the series of upper baffles and above the agitation chamber and wherein the centering baffle is configured to concentrate and direct the drilling fluid towards the center of agitation chamber.
11. The gas separation system of claim 10 , wherein the one or more mixing nozzles are configured to be adjusted for flow rate and swirl pattern.
12. The gas separation system of claim 10 , wherein the at least one fluid level sensor comprises a low low level sensor, low level sensor, process level sensor, and high level sensor.
13. The gas separation system of claim 10 , wherein the one or more sprayers comprises a sprayer for applying a fluid spray of the liquid within a portion of the interior space of the separation vessel below the baffle and above the liquid seal, the fluid spray for promoting movement of the drilling cuttings downward but allowing the flow of the gas upward.