Resuscitation bag
Resuscitation apparatuses and methods for assisted ventilation are described herein. The apparatuses may include functional elements that allow the manual delivery of a prescribed volume to an adult or an infant lung. Furthermore, the apparatuses may inform and assure an emergency worker that an appropriate volume is being delivered and therefore lessen the possibility of barotrauma from over-delivery, or ventilatory distress from under-delivery. In some embodiments, the apparatuses include biomechanical and ergonomic functional elements that allow an adult hand to hold it in place during operation, while at the same time, allowing the user to actuate the apparatus to deliver only the necessary amount of volume suitable for an infant lung. In other embodiments, a volume-controlled design is applied to pediatric and adult resuscitation.
1. An apparatus for respiratory resuscitation of an individual comprising:
an actuator bag having (i) a non-compressed free state first size and compressible to a compressed state second size and (ii) an inside that is pneumatically sealed to not communicate with the outside of the bag;
one or more ventilation bags disposed within the inside of the actuator bag, each one or more ventilation bags having (i) a proximal single opening at a patient end in pneumatic communication with outside ambient air, (ii) other than the single opening a body sealed to the outside, and (iii) a non-compressed free-state first volume corresponding to the actuator bag free state;
a fluidically sealed space between the inside of the actuator bag and the outside of the ventilation bags;
and further wherein (a) compression of the actuator bag from its non-compressed free state first size to its compressed state second size increases its internal pressure in the fluidically sealed space without allowing any gas to escape out of the fluidically sealed space to compress the one or more ventilation bags to it's compressed-state second volume to displace gas in the bag to deliver a volume of breath to the individual through only the ventilation bags' single opening at the patient end, and (b) discontinuation of the compression force on the actuator bag allows the actuator bag to naturally expand to its resting state, causing the fluidically sealed space to return to its free state thereby causing the ventilation bags to expand to the free state volume, thereby refilling the ventilation bags with gas entering through the single opening at the patient end with a gas volume available for a next breath delivery.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a face mask coupled to the single opening at the patient end of the one or more ventilation bags.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ventilation bags has a bellows shape, which contracts and expands in a geometrically controlled axial direction, or an oval or a spherical shape which when compressed compresses radially for substantially its entire length.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ventilation bags has a bellows shape which when compressed compresses in a geometrically controlled axial direction.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the actuator bag is transparent in order to visualize the ventilation bag changing from its free state to its compressed state.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the inside volume of a ventilation bag is the breathing volume of a newborn term infant and less than 50 ml.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the volume of gas drawn into the ventilation bags through the single opening at the patient end during recovery of the ventilation bags from the compressed state to the free state comprises ambient air.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an air inlet port configured to attach a source of oxygen to the single opening at the patient end of the one or more ventilation bags.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the volume of gas drawn into the ventilation bags through the single opening at the patient end during recovery of the ventilation bags from the compressed state to the free state comprises oxygen enriched air.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a volume adjustment mechanism, wherein the volume adjustment mechanism is configured to select a volume of breath for delivery to the individual, wherein the volume settings are at least two settings between 10 ml and 50 ml and wherein each setting is set and determined by the internal volume of the one or more ventilation bags.