Printed energy storage device
A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode including zinc, a second electrode including manganese dioxide, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode, second, electrode, and separator printed onto a substrate. The device may include a first current collector and/or a second current collector printed onto the substrate. The energy storage device may include a printed intermediate layer between the separator and the first electrode. The first electrode, and the second electrode may include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C 2 mimBF 4 ). The first electrode and the second electrode may include an electrolyte having zinc tetrafluoroborate (ZnBF 4 ) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C 2 mimBF 4 ). The first electrode, the second electrode, the first current collector, and/or the second current collector can include carbon nanotubes. The separator may include solid microspheres.
1. A printed energy storage device comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
a separator between the first and second electrode;
wherein the separator comprises:
an ionic liquid comprising a molten salt including a cation and an anion,
a salt different than the molten salt, the salt comprising a cation and an anion, wherein the anion of the salt is the same as the anion of the molten salt, and
a plurality of microspheres.
2. The printed energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the plurality of microspheres are hollow.
3. The printed energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microspheres comprises at least one of glass, alumina, silica, polystyrene, and melamine.
4. The printed energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of microspheres has a diameter from 0.5 microns to 30 microns.
5. A printed energy storage device comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode;
a separator positioned between the first and second electrode,
wherein at least one of the first electrode, second electrode, and the separator comprises:
an ionic liquid comprising a molten salt including a cation and an anion, and
a salt different than the molten salt, the salt comprising a cation and an anion, wherein the anion of the salt is the same as the anion of the molten salt.
6. The printed energy storage device of claim 5 , wherein the separator comprises a plurality of microspheres.
7. The printed energy storage device of claim 6 , wherein one or more of the plurality of microspheres are hollow.
8. The printed energy storage device of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of microspheres comprises at least one of glass, alumina, silica, polystyrene, and melamine.
9. The printed energy storage device of claim 6 , wherein each of the plurality of microspheres has a diameter from 0.5 microns to 30 microns.
10. A printed energy storage device comprising:
a layer comprising:
an ionic liquid comprising a molten salt including a cation and an anion, and
a salt comprising a zinc salt different than the molten salt, the zinc salt comprising a cation and an anion, wherein the anion of the zinc salt is the same as the anion of the molten salt.
11. The printed energy storage device of claim 10 , wherein an electrode comprises the layer.
12. The printed energy storage device of claim 11 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C 2 mimBF 4 ).
13. The printed energy storage device of claim 10 , wherein the zinc salt comprises zinc tetrafluoroborate.
14. The printed energy storage device of claim 11 , wherein an anode comprises the electrode.
15. The printed energy storage device of claim 11 , wherein a cathode comprises the electrode.
16. The printed energy storage device of claim 10 , wherein a separator comprises the layer.
17. The printed energy storage device of claim 16 , wherein the separator comprises a plurality of microspheres.
18. The printed energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein one or more of the plurality of microspheres are hollow.
19. The printed energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of microspheres comprises at least one of glass, alumina, silica, polystyrene, and melamine.
20. The printed energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein each of the plurality of microspheres has a diameter from 0.5 microns to 30 microns.
21. The printed energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises an organic molten salt that is a liquid at temperatures below 100° C.