Methods and systems for emission computed tomography image reconstruction

1. A method for reconstructing an Emission Computed Tomography (ECT) image implemented on at least one machine each of which has at least one processor and storage, the method comprising:

obtaining ECT projection data, the ECT projection data corresponding to a plurality of voxels in reconstructed image domain;

determining a plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels, the plurality of gate numbers relating to motion information of the plurality of voxels;

determining a feature relating to the motion information of the plurality of voxels based on the plurality of gate numbers; and

reconstructing an ECT image based on the ECT projection data and the feature.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ECT projection data includes four-dimensional (4D) Single Photon emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) data, 4D Positron Emission Tomography (PET) data, or 4D Computed Tomography (CT) data.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the gate numbers is corresponding to one or more of the plurality of voxels.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of gate numbers is equal to a ratio of a motion range of the voxel to intrinsic resolution of an ECT scanner which is adapted for scanning a subject.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining the plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels includes:

obtaining, from a population-based distribution, a plurality of motion ranges of the plurality of voxels; and determining the plurality of gate numbers based on the plurality of motion ranges.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining the plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels includes:

generating an intermediate image based on the ECT projection data;

determining a difference between the plurality of voxels at a first time point and the plurality of voxels at a second time point based on the intermediate image;

determining a difference image based on the difference; and

determining the plurality of gate numbers based on the difference image.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining a temporal spread function based on the plurality of gate numbers; and

obtaining the feature relating to the motion information of the plurality of voxels based on the temporal spread function.

8. The method in claim 7 , wherein the temporal spread function is a blurring function.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the feature includes a Full Width at Half Maximum of the temporal spread function.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the determining the feature relating to the motion information includes:

determining a threshold relating to the plurality of gate numbers; and

determining the Full Width at Half Maximum of the temporal spread function based on the plurality of gate numbers and the threshold.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the threshold relating to the plurality of gate numbers is the maximum one of the plurality of gate numbers.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining the plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels includes:

determining a first gate number for a first voxel of the plurality of voxels; and

determining a second gate number for a second voxel of the plurality of voxels, the second gate number differing from the first gate number.

13. The method of claim 12 , further including:

determining a first Full Width at Half Maximum of a first temporal spread function for the first voxel, the first Full Width at Half Maximum corresponding to a first motion range of the first voxel; and

determining a second Full Width at Half Maximum of a second temporal spread function for the second voxel, the second Full Width at Half Maximum corresponding to a second motion range of the second voxel, the second Full Width at Half Maximum differing from the first Full Width at Half Maximum.

14. A method for reconstructing an Emission Computed Tomography (ECT) image, implemented on at least one machine each of which has at least one processor and storage, the method comprising:

obtaining ECT projection data of a subject;

generating an intermediate image based on the ECT projection data, wherein the intermediate image comprises a plurality of voxels;

determining a plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels in the intermediate image, the plurality of gate numbers relating to motion information of the plurality of voxels;

determining a feature based on the plurality of gate numbers; and

reconstructing an ECT image of the subject based on the ECT projection data and the feature.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein determining the plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels in the intermediate image includes:

determining a difference between the plurality of voxels at a first time point and the plurality of voxels at a second time point in the intermediate image;

determining a difference image using the difference; and

determining the plurality of gate numbers based on the difference image.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the reconstructing an ECT image of the subject based on the ECT projection data and the feature includes:

sorting the ECT projection data of the subject into a plurality of bins according to the plurality of gate numbers; and

reconstructing the ECT image based on at least one of the plurality of bins.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the ECT projection data comprises at least one of 4D SPECT data, 4D PET data, or 4D CT data.

18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the determining a feature based on the plurality of gate numbers includes:

determining a temporal spread function based on the plurality of gate numbers;

determining the feature based on the temporal spread function, wherein the feature relates to the motion information of the plurality of voxels.

19. An Emission Computed Tomography (ECT) system comprising:

a set of instructions for ECT image reconstruction, and

one or more processors, when executing the set of instructions, the one or more processors are directed to:

obtain ECT projection data, the ECT projection data corresponding to a plurality of voxels;

determine a plurality of gate numbers for the plurality of voxels, the plurality of gate numbers relating to motion information of the plurality of voxels;

determine a feature relating to the motion information of the plurality of voxels based on the plurality of gate numbers; and

reconstruct an ECT image based on the ECT projection data and the feature.