Oxygen inhibition for print-head reliability
Systems and methods of applying a gaseous inhibitor into a printing region to hinder the curing process of ink on the print heads caused by the presence of stray light in the printing environment.
1. A single-pass printing system having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the printing system comprising:
a transport surface configured for supporting a substrate and for transporting the substrate from the first end to the second end;
a nitrogen generator configured for separating environmental atmosphere into a substantially-pure oxygen component and a substantially-pure nitrogen component; and
an in-line printing station including:
a plurality of separate sequential regions positioned between the first end and the second end, wherein the sequential regions include an oxygen inhibition region, a printing region located between the oxygen inhibition region and the second end, an inerting region located between the printing region and the second end, and a curing region located between the inerting region and the second end;
wherein the oxygen inhibition region includes an oxygen application device that is operatively coupled in fluid communication with the nitrogen generator, wherein the oxygen application device is configured to emit a blanket of substantially-pure oxygen onto the substrate as the substrate is transported past the oxygen inhibition region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the blanket of substantially-pure oxygen, wherein the blanket of substantially-pure oxygen is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the printing region;
wherein the printing region includes a printing block, wherein the printing block includes a plurality of print heads that are configured to apply a layer of ultraviolet curable ink to the substrate as the substrate is transported past the printing block;
wherein the inerting region includes a nitrogen application device that is operatively coupled in fluid communication with the nitrogen generator, wherein the nitrogen application device is configured to deliver a blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen in a trailing fashion onto the substrate after the application of the layer of ultraviolet curable ink, as the substrate is transported past the inerting region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen gas, wherein the blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen gas is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the curing region; and
wherein the curing region includes a curing lamp that is configured for illuminating and curing the layer of ultraviolet curable ink on the substrate as the substrate is transported past the curing region.
2. The printing system of claim 1 , wherein the in-line printing station is a first in-line printing station located toward the first end of the printing system, and wherein the layer of ultraviolet curable ink is a first layer of ultraviolet curable ink, the printing system further comprising:
a second in-line printing station positioned later in-line than the first in-line printing station, the second in-line printing station including:
a plurality of separate sequential regions positioned between the first in-line printing station and the second end, wherein the sequential regions include a second oxygen inhibition region, a second printing region located between the second oxygen inhibition region and the second end, a second inerting region located between the second printing region and the second end, and a second curing region located between the second inerting region and the second end;
wherein the second oxygen inhibition region includes a second oxygen application device that is operatively coupled in fluid communication with the nitrogen generator, the second oxygen application device configured to emit a second blanket of substantially-pure oxygen onto the substrate as the substrate is transported from the first in-line printing station past the second oxygen inhibition region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the second blanket of substantially-pure oxygen, wherein the second blanket of substantially-pure oxygen is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the second printing region;
wherein the second printing region includes a second printing block, wherein the second printing block includes a second plurality of print heads configured to apply a second layer of ultraviolet curable ink in an additional application to the substrate as the substrate is transported past the second printing block;
wherein the second inerting region includes a second nitrogen application device that is operatively coupled in fluid communication with the nitrogen generator, and wherein the gas delivery mechanism is configured to deliver a second blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen in a trailing fashion from the second nitrogen application device onto the substrate after the application of the second layer of ultraviolet curable ink, as the substrate is transported past the second inerting region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the second blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen gas, wherein the second blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen gas is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the second curing region; and
wherein the curing region includes a second curing lamp that is configured for illuminating and curing the second layer of ultraviolet curable ink on the substrate.
3. A method of printing comprising:
transporting a substrate along a transport surface from a first end to a second end past an in-line printing station of a printing system, wherein the in-line printing station includes a plurality of separate sequential regions positioned between the first end and the second end, wherein the sequential regions include an oxygen inhibition region, a printing region that includes a printing block located between the oxygen inhibition region and the second end, an inerting region located between the printing region and the second end, and a curing region located between the inerting region and the second end;
with the gas delivery system, blanketing the substrate from an oxygen application device with a blanket of substantially-pure oxygen as the substrate is transported past the oxygen inhibition region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the blanket of substantially-pure oxygen, wherein the blanket of substantially-pure oxygen is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the printing region;
applying a layer of ultraviolet curable ink to the substrate with the printing block, as the substrate is transported past the printing region;
with the gas delivery system, blanketing the substrate from the nitrogen application device with a blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen in a trailing fashion onto the substrate after the application of the layer of ultraviolet curable ink in the inerting region, as the substrate is transported past the inerting region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen gas;
illuminating and curing the layer of ultraviolet curable ink on the substrate with a curing lamp, as the substrate is transported past the curing region.
4. The method of printing of claim 3 , wherein the curing lamp includes a light emitting diode.
5. The method of printing of claim 3 , further comprising:
generating the substantially-pure oxygen and the substantially pure nitrogen using a membrane-based nitrogen generator.
6. The method of printing of claim 5 , further comprising:
delivering the substantially-pure oxygen to the oxygen inhibition region.
7. The method of printing of claim 5 , further comprising:
delivering the substantially-pure nitrogen to the inerting region.
8. The method of printing of claim 3 , wherein the in-line printing station is a first in-line printing station located toward the first end of the printing system, the method further comprising:
transporting the substrate, with the transport surface, from the first in-line printing station through a second in-line printing station that includes a plurality of separate sequential regions positioned between the first in-line printing station and the second end, wherein the sequential regions include a second oxygen inhibition region, a second printing region including a second printing block located between the second oxygen inhibition region and the second end, a second inerting region located between the second printing region and the second end, and a second curing region located between the second inerting region and the second end;
with the gas delivery system, blanketing the substrate from the oxygen application device with a second blanket of substantially pure oxygen as the substrate is transported past the second oxygen inhibition region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the second blanket of substantially pure oxygen, wherein the second of substantially-pure oxygen is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the second printing region;
applying a second layer of ultraviolet curable ink to the substrate with the second printing block, as the substrate is transported past the second printing region;
with the gas delivery system, blanketing the substrate with a second blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen in a trailing fashion after the application of the second layer of ultraviolet curable ink, as the substrate is transported past the second inerting region, wherein gases proximate to the substrate are supplanted by the second blanket of substantially-pure nitrogen, wherein the second blank of substantially-pure nitrogen gas is dragged along with the substrate as the substrate is advanced through the second curing region; and
illuminating and curing the second layer of ultraviolet curable ink on the substrate with a second curing lamp, as the substrate is transported past the second curing region.
9. The method of printing claim 8 , wherein the substrate is transparent, and wherein the first layer of ink is any of white or opaque ink.
10. The printing system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is transparent, and wherein the first layer of ink is any of white or opaque ink.
11. The method of printing of claim 3 , further comprising:
evacuating the blanket of substantially-pure oxygen using baffles.
12. The printing system of claim 1 , further comprising:
baffles for evacuating the blanket of substantially-pure oxygen.