Helmet safety lighting system

1. An illuminable helmet assembly, comprising:

a helmet body comprising an outer shell, an energy management layer inside the outer shell and a fit system within the energy management layer and coupled to the helmet body;

a diffuser coupled to an outer surface of the helmet body, the diffuser comprising a front surface facing outward, away from the helmet body, and a rear surface opposite the front surface, the diffuser further comprising an illumination surface on the rear surface of the diffuser, the illumination surface enclosing and facing an enclosed cavity of the helmet body, the illumination surface comprising an outer perimeter and defining a footprint of the illumination surface extending inward from the illumination surface to a center of the helmet body; and

a light source positioned adjacent to and outside of the outer perimeter and the footprint of the illumination surface, and positioned to emit light toward the illumination surface on the rear surface of the diffuser at an acute angle to the illumination surface.

2. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , further comprising at least one cavity recessed into an outer surface of the helmet body, wherein the light source is placed in the at least one cavity.

3. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 2 , wherein the diffuser is positioned to cover the at least one cavity.

4. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 3 , further comprising retroreflective surfaces positioned on at least one of the at least one cavity and the diffuser, wherein the retroreflective surfaces are configured to display at least one of a light pattern and a uniform distribution of the light on the illumination surface.

5. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a top shell coupled to the helmet body and covering a majority of the illumination surface, wherein a portion of the top shell covering the illumination surface is translucent.

6. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light source is positioned at an angle with respect to the illumination surface of from 3 to 20 degrees.

7. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , wherein the diffuser is a wave guide comprising the front surface, the rear surface, and an edge surface extending between the front surface and the rear surface, wherein the light source is positioned to emit at least a portion of the light into the edge surface of the diffuser.

8. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , wherein illuminated areas of the diffuser are constructed of a translucent material.

9. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light source comprises at least one of a light-emitting diode and an incandescent light.

10. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a light sensor electrically coupled to the light source, wherein the light source is turned on when the light sensor detects ambient light of the helmet body falls below a first predetermined level, and is turned off when the light sensor detects the ambient light exceeds a second predetermined level.

11. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light source is configured to emit the light in at least one of modes and patterns selected by a user.

12. An illuminable helmet assembly, comprising:

a helmet body;

a diffuser coupled to an outer surface of the helmet body, the diffuser comprising a front surface facing away from the helmet body and a rear surface opposite the front surface, the diffuser further comprising an illumination surface on the rear surface of the diffuser, the illumination surface facing an enclosed cavity of the helmet body, the illumination surface comprising an outer perimeter and defining a footprint of the illumination surface extending inward from the illumination surface to a center of the helmet body; and

a light source positioned adjacent to and outside of the outer perimeter and the footprint of the illumination surface, and positioned to emit light toward the illumination surface on the rear surface of the diffuser at an acute angle to the illumination surface.

13. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , further comprising at least one cavity recessed into an outer surface of the helmet body, wherein the light source is placed in the at least one cavity.

14. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , further comprising a top shell coupled to the helmet body and covering a majority of the illumination surface, wherein a portion of the top shell covering the illumination surface is translucent.

15. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , wherein the light source is positioned to emit the light at an angle with respect to the illumination surface of from 3 to 20 degrees.

16. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , wherein the diffuser is a wave guide comprising the front surface, the rear surface, and an edge surface extending between the front surface and the rear surface, wherein the light source is positioned to emit at least a portion of the light into the edge surface of the diffuser.

17. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , wherein the light source comprises at least one of a light-emitting diode and an incandescent light.

18. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , further comprising a light sensor electrically coupled to the light source, wherein the light source is turned on when the light sensor detects ambient light of the helmet body falls below a first predetermined level, and is turned off when the light sensor detects the ambient light exceeds a second predetermined level.

19. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 13 , further comprising retroreflective surfaces positioned on at least one of the at least one cavity and the diffuser, wherein the retroreflective surfaces are configured to display at least one of a light pattern and a uniform distribution of the light on the illumination surface.

20. The illuminable helmet assembly of claim 12 , wherein the light source is configured to emit the light in at least one of modes and patterns selected by a user.