Cell assemblies and methods of using the same
Embodiments disclosed herein relate to cell assemblies for fabricating superhard materials (e.g., used in a high-pressure cubic press) and methods of using the same. The disclosed cell assemblies include a plurality of internal anvils, at least some of which are positioned internally relative to a cell pressure medium of the cell assembly. Such a configuration for the cell assemblies may enable one or more of intensifying cell pressure, reducing processing time, or reducing costs for fabricating such superhard materials.
1. A cell assembly for use in a high-pressure/high-temperature cubic press, the cell assembly comprising:
a refractory metal canister assembly having a superabrasive compact precursor assembly disposed at least partially therein;
a pressure transmitting medium at least partially surrounding the refractory metal canister assembly;
a cell pressure medium at least partially surrounding the pressure transmitting medium and the refractory metal canister assembly;
a heating element positioned adjacent to the refractory metal canister assembly; and
a plurality of anvils, at least some of the plurality of anvils positioned at least partially within the cell pressure medium.
2. The cell assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a ceramic insulator disposed between the heating element and the plurality of anvils.
3. The cell assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the refractory metal canister assembly includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and at least one lateral surface extending therebetween; and
wherein the at least some of the plurality of anvils includes a first anvil positioned adjacent to the upper surface and a second anvil positioned adjacent to the lower surface.
4. The cell assembly of claim 3 , wherein the at least some of the plurality of anvils includes a plurality of lateral anvils positioned and configured to apply pressure at least partially toward at least a portion of the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly.
5. The cell assembly of claim 4 , wherein:
the plurality of lateral anvils includes at least four lateral anvils, each of the at least four lateral anvils having an inner surface, an outer surface, and at least one lateral surface therebetween; and
one or more of the at least one lateral surfaces of the at least four lateral anvils extends from the inner surface at an angle of greater than 0 degrees to about 60 degrees with respect to the at least one lateral surface of an adjacent one of the at least four lateral anvils.
6. The cell assembly of claim 4 , wherein each of the plurality of lateral anvils includes a concave inner surface having a configuration that is substantially complementary to the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly.
7. The cell assembly of claim 4 , wherein:
the cell pressure medium defines a central cavity and a plurality of anvil cavities;
the plurality of anvil cavities are positioned adjacent to the central cavity in the cell pressure medium; and
each of the plurality of lateral anvils is positioned at least partially within in a corresponding one of the plurality of anvil cavities.
8. The cell assembly of claim 4 , wherein:
each of the plurality of anvils includes an inner surface, an outer surface, and at least one lateral surface therebetween; and
the inner surface of one or more of the plurality of anvils exhibits a smaller surface area than the outer surface thereof.
9. The cell assembly of claim 8 , wherein:
the inner surface of each of the plurality of lateral anvils exhibits a concave configuration that is substantially complementary to the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly; and
the outer surface of each of the plurality of lateral anvils is substantially planar.
10. The cell assembly of claim 9 , wherein the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly is substantially cylindrical and the outer surfaces collectively define at least part of a substantially cubic outer shape.
11. The cell assembly of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the plurality of anvils includes one or more of a carbide, sintered diamond, ceramic, a refractory metal, titanium, or steel.
12. The cell assembly of claim 4 , wherein the plurality of lateral anvils includes:
a plurality of inner lateral anvils positioned adjacent to the refractory metal canister assembly; and
a plurality of outer lateral anvils positioned adjacent to the plurality of inner lateral anvils.
13. The cell assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cell pressure medium at least partially surrounds the pressure transmitting medium and the refractory metal canister assembly, and wherein the cell pressure medium includes a cavity that at least partially receives the pressure transmitting medium and the refractory metal canister assembly therein.
14. The cell assembly of claim 13 , wherein the cell pressure medium includes a plurality of anvil cavities each of which at least partially receives a corresponding one of the plurality of anvils therein.
15. The cell assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the refractory metal canister assembly includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and at least one lateral surface extending therebetween;
the plurality of anvils includes:
a first anvil disposed adjacent to the upper surface;
a second anvil disposed adjacent to the lower surface;
a plurality of lateral anvils disposed circumferentially around at least a portion of the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly; and
wherein each of the plurality of lateral anvils includes an inner surface adjacent to the refractory metal canister assembly, an outer surface generally opposite the inner surface, and at least one lateral surface therebetween, the inner surface having a smaller surface area than the outer surface and exhibiting a geometry that is substantially complementary with at least a portion of the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly.
16. A method of high-pressure/high-temperature processing a superabrasive compact assembly, the method comprising:
providing a cell assembly;
disposing a refractory metal canister assembly including the superabrasive compact assembly disposed therein, at least partially within the cell assembly;
wherein the cell assembly includes:
a pressure transmitting medium that at least partially surrounding the refractory metal canister assembly;
a cell pressure medium at least partially surrounding the pressure transmitting medium and the refractory metal canister assembly;
a heating element positioned adjacent to the refractory metal canister assembly; and
a plurality of anvils, at least some of the plurality of anvils being positioned at least partially within the cell pressure medium; and
subjecting the cell assembly, including the refractory metal canister assembly, to a high-pressure/high-temperature process.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein subjecting the cell assembly including the refractory metal canister assembly to a high-pressure/high-temperature process includes causing at least some of the cell pressure medium to extrude out of the cell assembly through one or more gaps between adjacent anvils.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the superabrasive compact assembly includes a cemented carbide substrate and a plurality of superhard particles.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the cemented carbide substrate includes cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide and the plurality of superhard particles includes diamond particles.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein:
the refractory metal canister assembly includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and at least one lateral surface extending therebetween; and
the plurality of anvils includes:
a first anvil disposed adjacent to the upper surface;
a second anvil disposed adjacent to the lower surface;
a plurality of lateral anvils disposed circumferentially around at least a portion of the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly; and
wherein each of the plurality of lateral anvils includes an inner surface adjacent to the refractory metal canister assembly, an outer surface generally opposite the inner surface, and at least one lateral surface therebetween, the inner surface having a smaller surface area than the outer surface and exhibiting a geometry that is substantially complementary with at least a portion of the at least one lateral surface of the refractory metal canister assembly.