Voltage nonlinear resistor
A voltage nonlinear resistor according to the present invention includes a sintered body consisting essentially of zinc oxide and containing bismuth, antimony, and boron as accessory components. The accessory components are bismuth oxide of 1.5 to 2.5 mol %, antimony oxide of 1 to 2 mol %, and boron oxide of 0.3 mol % or less in terms of oxides.
1. A voltage nonlinear resistor comprising:
a sintered body consisting of zinc oxide having an average grain diameter of 5 μm or less, as a primary component, and containing, as accessory components, bismuth, antimony and boron, and containing manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg) and rare earth elements (RE) as additive components, wherein
a content of the accessory components is bismuth oxide of 1.5 to 2.5 mol %, antimony oxide of 1 to 2 mol %, and boron oxide of 0.3 mol % or less in terms of oxides,
the Mn, Co, and Cr are 0.1 to 1.5 mol % in terms of MnCO 3 , Co 3 O 4 , and Cr 2 O 3 , respectively,
the Ni is 0.1 to 2 mol % in terms of NiO,
the Al is 0.005 to 0.5 mol % in terms of Al(NO 3 )3,
the Ag is 0.001 to 0.01 mol % in terms of Ag 2 O,
the Si is 1.0 to 2.5 mol % in terms of SiO 2 ,
the Mg is 0.01 to 0.1 mol % in terms of MgO,
the RE is 2.5 mol % or less in terms of RE 2 O 3 .
2. The voltage nonlinear resistor according to claim 1 , wherein:
Equations (1) and (2) are satisfied:
N is /N d ≥0.57×10 −5 Equation (1)
N is 2 /N d ≥1.65×10 7 Equation (2)
(in Equations (1) and (2), N is is an interface state density at a grain boundary of the zinc oxide, and N d is a donor density at a grain boundary of the zinc oxide).
3. The voltage nonlinear resistor according to claim 1 , wherein:
when voltage when 1-mA current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor is V 1 mA , and when peak voltage when 10-kA impulse current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor is V 10 kA , a voltage clamping ratio V 10 kA /V 1 mA is less than 1.6, and when voltage when 1-mA current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor at 115° C. is V 1 mA, 115° C. , and when voltage when 1-mA current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor at 30° C. is V 1 mA, 30° C. , a temperature characteristic V 1 mA, 115° C. /V 1 mA, 30° C. is 0.95 or more.
4. The voltage nonlinear resistor according to claim 2 , wherein:
when voltage when 1-mA current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor is V 1 mA , and when peak voltage when 10-kA impulse current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor is V 10 kA , a voltage clamping ratio V 10 kA /V 1 mA is less than 1.6, and when voltage when 1-mA current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor at 115° C. is V 1 mA, 115° C. , and when voltage when 1-mA current flows into the voltage nonlinear resistor at 30° C. is V 1 mA, 30° C. , a temperature characteristic V 1 mA, 115° C. /V 1 mA, 30° C. is 0.95 or more.
5. The voltage nonlinear resistor according to claim 1 , wherein:
wherein a content of the chromium and the magnesium is chromium oxide of 0.1 to 1.5 mol % and magnesium oxide of 0.01 to 0.1 mol % in terms of oxide.