Ocular optical system
Present embodiments provide for an ocular optical system. The ocular optical system includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element and a sixth lens element positioned in an order from an eye-side to an display-side. Through designing parameters satisfying at least two inequalities and convex and/or concave surface of lens elements, the improved ocular optical system may provide better optical characteristics, a decreased effective focal length and an enlarged angle of view while the total length of the ocular optical system may be shortened.
1. An ocular optical system, adapted for imaging of imaging rays entering an eye of an observer via the ocular optical system from a display screen, a side facing towards the eye being an eye-side, a side facing towards the display screen being a display-side, the ocular optical system comprising a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element and a fourth element from the eye-side to the display-side in order along an optical axis, each of the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements having an eye-side surface facing toward the eye-side and a display-side surface facing toward the display-side, wherein:
the display-side surface of the second lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
the display-side surface of the third lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
the eye-side surface of the fourth lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
an effective focal length of the ocular optical system is represented by EFL, an air gap between the fourth lens element and a display screen along the optical axis is represented by G4D, and EFL and G4D satisfy the inequality: EFL/G4D≥2.4; and
the ocular optical system comprises no other lenses having refracting power beyond the first, second, third and fourth lens elements.
2. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between the eye-side surface of the first lens element and the display-side surface of the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by TL, a distance between a pupil of an observer and the eye-side surface of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by ER, TL and ER satisfy the inequality: 0≤TL/ER≤8.
3. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein a central thickness of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by T1, an air gap between the second lens element and the third lens element along the optical axis is represented by G23, an air gap between the third lens element and the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by G34, and T1, G23 and G34 satisfy the inequality: T1/(G23+G34)≤2.5.
4. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein a central thickness of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by T1, a central thickness of the third lens element along the optical axis is represented by T3, a central thickness of the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by T4, and T1, T3 and T4 satisfy the inequality: (T1+T3)/T4≤4.5.
5. The ocular optical system according to claim 1 , wherein a sum of the central thicknesses of the first to the fourth lens elements is represented by ALT, a sum of all air gaps from the first lens element to the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by AAG, and ALT and AAG satisfy the inequality: ALT/AAG≤10.
6. An ocular optical system, adapted for imaging of imaging rays entering an eye of an observer via the ocular optical system from a display screen, a side facing towards the eye being an eye-side, a side facing towards the display screen being a display-side, the ocular optical system comprising a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element and a fourth element from the eye-side to the display-side in order along an optical axis, each of the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements having an eye-side surface facing toward the eye-side and a display-side surface facing toward the display-side, wherein:
the second lens element has positive refracting power;
the display-side surface of the third lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
the eye-side surface of the fourth lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
an effective focal length of the ocular optical system is represented by EFL, an air gap between the fourth lens element and a display screen along the optical axis is represented by G4D, and EFL and G4D satisfy the inequality: EFL/G4D≥2.4; and
the ocular optical system comprises no other lenses having refracting power beyond the first, second, third and fourth lens elements.
7. The ocular optical system according to claim 6 , wherein a distance between the eye-side surface of the first lens element and a display screen along the optical axis is represented by TTL, a distance between a pupil of an observer and the eye-side surface of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by ER, and TTL and ER satisfy the inequality: 0≤TTL/ER≤10.
8. The ocular optical system according to claim 6 , wherein a sum of the central thicknesses of the first to the fourth lens elements is represented by ALT, a sum of all air gaps from the first to the fourth lens elements along the optical axis is represented by AAG, and ALT and AAG satisfy the inequality: ALT/AAG≤10.
9. The ocular optical system according to claim 6 , wherein a central thickness of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by T1, an air gap between the first lens element and the second lens element along the optical axis is represented by G12, a central thickness of the second lens element along the optical axis is represented by T2, a central thickness of the third lens element along the optical axis is represented by T3, an air gap between the third lens element and the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by G34, a central thickness of the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by T4, and T1, G12, T2, T3, G34, and T4 satisfy the inequality: (T1+G12+T2)/(T3+G34+T4)≤2.5.
10. The ocular optical system according to claim 6 , wherein a central thickness of the third lens element along the optical axis is represented by T3, a central thickness of the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by T4, an air gap between the third lens element and the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by G34, and T3, T4 and G34 satisfy the inequality: (T3+T4)/G34≤3.0.
11. An ocular optical system, adapted for imaging of imaging rays entering an eye of an observer via the ocular optical system from a display screen, a side facing towards the eye being an eye-side, a side facing towards the display screen being a display-side, the ocular optical system comprising a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element and a fourth element from the eye-side to the display-side in order along an optical axis, each of the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements having an eye-side surface facing toward the eye-side and a display-side surface facing toward the display-side, wherein:
the display-side surface of the first lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
the display-side surface of the third lens element has concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
the eye-side surface of the fourth lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis;
an effective focal length of the ocular optical system is represented by EFL, an air gap between the fourth lens element and a display screen along the optical axis is represented by G4D, and EFL and G4D satisfy the inequality: EFL/G4D≥2.4; and
the ocular optical system comprises no other lenses having refracting power beyond the first, second, third and fourth lens elements.
12. The ocular optical system according to claim 11 , wherein a central thickness of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by T1, a central thickness of the second lens element along the optical axis is represented by T2, and T1 and T2 satisfy the inequality: T2/T1≥0.9.
13. The ocular optical system according to claim 11 , wherein a distance between the eye-side surface of the first lens element and the display-side surface of the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by TL, a distance between a pupil of an observer and the eye-side surface of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by ER, TL and ER satisfy the inequality: 0≤TL/ER≤8.
14. The ocular optical system according to claim 11 , wherein a central thickness of the second lens element along the optical axis is represented by T2, an air gap between the second lens element and the third lens element along the optical axis is represented by G23, an air gap between the third lens element and the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by G34, and T2, G23 and G34 satisfy the inequality: T2/(G23+G34)≤4.0.
15. The ocular optical system according to claim 11 , wherein a central thickness of the first lens element along the optical axis is represented by T1, an air gap between the third lens element and the fourth lens element along the optical axis is represented by G34, and T1 and G34 satisfy the inequality: T1/G34≤3.0.
16. The ocular optical system according to claim 11 , wherein a sum of all air gaps from the first to the fourth lens elements along the optical axis is represented by AAG, and EFL and AAG satisfy the inequality: EFL/AAG≥4.9.