Method of making sacrificial coating for an intermediate transfer member of indirect printing apparatus
A method of making a sacrificial coating composition is disclosed. The method comprises emulsifying an oil with surfactant and water to form an oil-in-water emulsion; and combining ingredients comprising (i) at least one polymer, (ii) at least one hygroscopic material, (iii) the oil-in water emulsion and (iv) water to produce the sacrificial coating composition. The at least one polymer is selected from the group consisting of a hydrophilic polymer, a latex comprising polymer particles dispersed in a continuous liquid phase, or mixtures thereof.
1. A method of making a sacrificial coating composition, the method comprising:
emulsifying an oil with surfactant and water to form an oil-in-water emulsion, the oil being selected from the group consisting of a silicone oil, a perfluoroether oil and mixtures thereof;
combining ingredients comprising (i) at least one polymer, (ii) at least one hygroscopic material, (iii) the oil-in water emulsion and (iv) water to produce the sacrificial coating composition,
wherein the at least one polymer is a latex comprising polymer particles dispersed in a continuous liquid phase.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein combining ingredients comprises mixing the at least one polymer, the at least one hygroscopic material and water to form a polymer mixture and then combining the polymer mixture and the oil-in-water emulsion.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsifying comprises mixing the oil and surfactant at a high shear speed of at least 6000 RPM.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein prior to mixing the oil and surfactant, the oil is loaded in the surfactant at a concentration ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt %, relative to the combined weight of the oil and surfactant.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer particles comprise one or more repeating polymeric units selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid units, acrylate units, methacrylic acid units, methacrylate units, diene units, aliphatic nitrile units, vinyl ether units, vinyl ester units, vinyl ketone units, vinylidene halide units, vinyl substituted heterocyclic amine units, acrylamide units, methacrylamide units, vinyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbon units, vinyl halide units and alkene units.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the latex has a glass transition temperature of ranging from about −45° C. to about 100° C., a weight average molecular weight ranging from about 3000 to about 300,000, and a particle size ranging from 50 nm to 300 nm.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the latex has a viscosity of about 3 cps to about 800 cps at 25° C., a pH ranging from about 1.5 to about 10, and a solid content ranging from 5% to about 60%.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer particles comprise a styrene/n-butyl acrylate/methacrylic acid terpolymer.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one hygroscopic material is selected from the group consisting of glycerol, sorbitol, glycols, vinyl alcohols, xylitol, maltitol, polymeric polyols, glyceryl triacetate, glycouril, ionic liquids and mixtures thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant with hydrophile lipophile balance (HLB) value of from 4 to 15.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is a secondary alcohol ethoxylate.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is a branched secondary alcohol ethoxylate with 6 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO).
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises a mixture of a first surfactant and a second surfactant, the first surfactant having a hydrophile lipophile balance (“HLB”) value ranging from about 8 to about 15 and the second surfactant having an HLB value ranging from about 4 to about 10, the HLB value for the first surfactant being higher that the HLB value for the second surfactant.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one polymer further comprises a hydrophilic polymer.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and alkene monomers, poly(vinylpyrrolidinone) (“PVP”), poly(ethylene oxide), hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, poly(ethylene glycol), copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol), polyacrylamide (PAM), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (“PNIPAM”), poly(acrylic acid), polymethacrylate, acrylic polymers, maleic anhydride copolymers, sulfonated polyesters, polysaccharides, waxy maize starches and mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the at least one hydrophilic polymer is waxy maize starch.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the waxy maize starch comprises more than 90 weight percent amylopectin.
18. A method of making a sacrificial coating composition, the method comprising:
emulsifying an oil with surfactant and water to form an oil-in-water emulsion, the oil being selected from the group consisting of a silicone oil, a perfluoroether oil and mixtures thereof and the surfactant comprising a branched secondary alcohol ethoxylate with 6 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO);
combining ingredients comprising (i) at least one polymer, (ii) at least one hygroscopic material, (iii) the oil-in-water emulsion and (iv) water to produce the sacrificial coating composition,
wherein the at least one polymer is selected from the group consisting of a hydrophilic polymer, a latex comprising polymer particles dispersed in a continuous liquid phase, or mixtures thereof, and
wherein the at least one hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and alkene monomers, poly(vinylpyrrolidinone) (“PVP”), poly(ethylene oxide), hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, poly(ethylene glycol), polyacrylamide (PAM), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (“PNIPAM”), poly(acrylic acid), polymethacrylate, acrylic polymers, maleic anhydride copolymers, sulfonated polyesters, waxy maize starches and mixtures thereof.