Glass furnace regenerators formed of one-piece load-bearing wall blocks
Glass furnace regenerators having opposed pairs of side and end walls formed of refractory blocks, wherein at last one of the side and end walls of the regenerator comprise an interlocking plurality of refractory blocks, and wherein the refractory blocks are self-supporting and load-bearing one-piece pre-cast structures of a refractory material. Tie back bars may be provided to operatively connect a wall formed of the refractory blocks to externally provided buckstays to allow relative movement between the refractor blocks forming the wall and the buckstays (e.g., as may be required due to the blocks undergoing thermal expansion during use).
1. A glass furnace regenerator comprising:
opposed pairs of side and end walls, wherein
at least one of the side and end walls of the regenerator comprises an interlocking plurality of refractory blocks each having a dimension of about 25.59 inches (650 mm) or greater and a weight of more than about 50 pounds (22.68 kilograms), and wherein
the refractory blocks are self-supporting and load-bearing one-piece pre-cast structures of a refractory material, wherein the refractory blocks have an air permeability of between about 5×10 −15 to about 5×10 −14 , and wherein
the refractory blocks comprise longitudinally adjacent integral interior and exterior block regions adjacent an interior and exterior of the regenerator, the interior and exterior block regions being formed of dissimilar precast refractory material having respective thermal conductivity properties that differ by at least about 10% so as to establish a gradient of thermal insulation properties from the interior block region to the exterior block region.
2. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 1 , the precast refractory materials establishing the adjacent integral regions of at least some of the refractory blocks have a melting temperature difference of at least about 50° C.
3. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 1 , wherein the refractory blocks comprise interlocking tongue and grooves.
4. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 1 , further comprising upright buck stays against an exterior portion of the side walls.
5. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 4 , further comprising a plurality of tie back bars positioned between vertically adjacent ones of the refractory blocks.
6. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 5 , wherein at least some of the refractory blocks comprise latitudinally oriented recessed channels for receiving respective ones of the tie back bars therein.
7. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 6 , wherein the channels define a hole, and wherein the tie back bars comprise a dependent pin received in the hole.
8. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 5 , wherein the refractory blocks include a discontinuous tongue on a top surface thereof which defines a gap, and wherein the tie back bar further comprises a protrusion having a raised cross-sectional profile which is positioned in the gap so as to be aligned with the tongue.
9. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 8 , wherein the raised cross-sectional profile is formed by a generally triangularly shaped turn-back bent proximal end of the tie back bar.
10. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 5 , wherein the refractory blocks include a tongue on a top surface thereof which is interrupted by a gap, and wherein tie back bars comprise an assembly which includes:
(i) interior and exterior tie back plates each positionable parallel and adjacent to the tongue on the top surface of the block, and
(ii) at least one bridge plate rigidly positioned in the gap of the tongue and rigidly connecting the interior and exterior tie back plates to one another.
11. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of adjacent substantially vertically oriented buck stays each having an interior flange positioned against an exterior portion of the side walls;
a plurality of rods extending substantially horizontally between respective ones of the adjacent buck stays, wherein the rods have opposed terminal ends that are slideably engaged with the interior flange of the buck stays to allow the terminal ends thereof to move relative to the adjacent ones of the buck stays in response to thermal expansion of the side walls during use; and
a plurality of tie back bars positioned between vertically adjacent ones of the refractory blocks, wherein the tie back bars have a distal end that is rigidly connected to a respective one of the rods.
12. The regenerator as in claim 11 , wherein the refractory blocks comprise interlocking tongue and grooves.
13. The regenerator as in claim 12 , wherein predetermined blocks include at least one discontinuous tongue defining a gap for receiving a respective one of the tie back bars therein.
14. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 13 , wherein at least some of the refractory blocks comprise latitudinally oriented recessed channels defining the gap in the tongue for receiving respective ones of the tie back bars therein.
15. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 13 , wherein the channels define a hole, and wherein the tie back bars comprise a dependent pin received in the hole.
16. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 13 , wherein the tie back bar further comprises a protrusion having a raised cross-sectional profile which is positioned in the gap so as to be aligned with the tongue.
17. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 16 , wherein the raised cross-sectional profile is formed by a generally triangularly shaped turn-back bent proximal end of the tie back bar.
18. The glass furnace regenerator as in claim 13 , wherein the tie back bars comprise an assembly which includes:
(i) interior and exterior tie back plates each positioned parallel and adjacent to the tongue on the top surface of the block, and
(ii) at least one bridge plate rigidly positioned in the gap of the tongue and rigidly connecting the interior and exterior tie back plates to one another.