Multicopter-assisted system and method for launching and retrieving a fixed-wing aircraft
The present disclosure provides various embodiments of a multicopter-assisted launch and retrieval system generally including: (1) a multi-rotor modular multicopter attachable to (and detachable from) a fixed-wing aircraft to facilitate launch of the fixed-wing aircraft into wing-borne flight; (2) a storage and launch system usable to store the modular multicopter and to facilitate launch of the fixed-wing aircraft into wing-borne flight; and (3) an anchor system usable (along with the multicopter and a flexible capture member) to retrieve the fixed-wing aircraft from wing-borne flight.
1. A fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device comprising:
a pair of pincers each having a free end, the pincers pivotably attached to one another so they are movable relative to one another between a fuselage-retaining orientation in which their free ends are separated by a first distance and a fuselage-release orientation in which their free ends are separated by a second greater distance greater than the first distance; and
a safety mechanism movable between an engaged position in which the safety mechanism prevents the pincers from moving from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation and a disengaged position in which the safety mechanism does not prevent the pincers from moving from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation.
2. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 1 , wherein the second distance is larger than a diameter of a fuselage of a fixed-wing aircraft receivable in a spaced defined between the pincers.
3. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 2 , wherein the first distance is smaller than the diameter of the fuselage.
4. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 1 , which includes a biasing element that biases the pincers to the fuselage-retaining orientation.
5. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 4 , wherein the biasing element includes a spring positioned to compress when the pincers are moved from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation.
6. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 1 , which includes a biasing element that biases the safety mechanism to the engaged position.
7. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 6 , wherein the biasing element includes a spring disposed between one of the pincers and the safety mechanism.
8. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 1 , wherein the safety mechanism is pivotably connected to one of the pincers, the engaged position is an engaged rotational position, and the disengaged position is a disengaged rotational position.
9. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 1 , wherein one of the pincers includes a safety mechanism engager and the safety mechanism includes a rotation prevention element that is: (1) in the rotational path of the safety mechanism engager of that pincer when the safety mechanism is in the engaged position, and (2) is not in the rotational path of the safety mechanism engager of that pincer when the safety mechanism is in the disengaged position.
10. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 1 , which includes a flexible member attached to the safety mechanism so tensioning the flexible member causes the safety mechanism to move to the disengaged position.
11. A fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device comprising:
a first pincer having a free end;
a second pincer having a free end, the first and second pincers attached to one another so they are movable relative to one another between a fuselage-retaining orientation in which their free ends are separated by a first distance and a fuselage-release orientation in which their free ends are separated by a second greater distance greater than the first distance; and
a biasing element that biases the pincers to the fuselage-retaining orientation.
12. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 11 , which includes a safety mechanism movable between an engaged position in which the safety mechanism prevents the pincers from moving from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation and a disengaged position in which the safety mechanism does not prevent the pincers from moving from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation.
13. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 12 , which includes a safety mechanism biasing element that biases the safety mechanism to the engaged position.
14. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 11 , which includes a safety mechanism movable between an engaged position in which the safety mechanism prevents the pincers from moving from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation and a disengaged position in which the safety mechanism does not prevent the pincers from moving from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation, and which includes a safety mechanism biasing element that biases the safety mechanism to the engaged position, the safety mechanism biasing element including a spring disposed between one of the pincers and the safety mechanism.
15. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 12 , wherein one of the pincers includes a safety mechanism engager and the safety mechanism includes a rotation prevention element that is: (1) in the rotational path of the safety mechanism engager of that pincer when the safety mechanism is in the engaged position, and (2) is not in the rotational path of the safety mechanism engager of that pincer when the safety mechanism is in the disengaged position.
16. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 12 , which includes a flexible member attached to the safety mechanism so tensioning the flexible member causes the safety mechanism to move to the disengaged position.
17. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 11 , wherein the second distance is larger than a diameter of a fuselage of a fixed-wing aircraft receivable in a spaced defined between the pincers.
18. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 17 , wherein the first distance is smaller than the diameter of the fuselage.
19. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 11 , wherein the biasing element includes a spring positioned to compress when the pincers are moved from the fuselage-retaining orientation to the fuselage-release orientation.
20. The fixed-wing aircraft fuselage-retaining device of claim 11 , wherein the pincers are pivotably attached to one another.